Human Body Organization

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

scientific discipline investigating body structure and form

Question 2

Microscopic anatomy types

Answer 2

cistology: examines structural features of cells

histology: examines components of tissues

Question 2

macroscopic/ gross anatomy

Answer 2

investigates structures visible to the naked eye

Question 3

systemic macroscopic anatomy

Answer 3

study of each functional body system (ex: study of the respiratory system as a whole)

Question 4

regional macroscopic anatomy

Answer 4

study of all structures in a region as a unit (ex: axilla)

Question 5

surface macroscopic anatomy

Answer 5

study of superficial anatomical markings and related internal structures

Question 6

anatomical position

Answer 6

standard position of reference for description of anatomical structures: erect, upper limbs at side, hands palm forward (anterior), legs shoulder width, toes forward

Question 7

supine

Answer 7

lying on back

Question 7

prone

Answer 7

lying face down

Question 8

anterior vs posterior

Answer 8

anterior: in front
posterior: behind

Question 9

ventral vs dorsal

Answer 9

ventral: toward belly
dorsal: toward back

Question 10

medial vs lateral

Answer 10

medial: toward midline
lateral: away from midline

Question 11

superficial vs deep

Answer 11

superficial: toward surface
deep: away from surface

Question 12

superior vs inferior

Answer 12

superior: above
inferior: below

Question 13

cephalic vs caudal

Answer 13

cephalic: toward head
caudal: toward tail

Question 14

proximal vs distal

Answer 14

proximal: near attachment at trunk
distal: far from attachment at trunk

Question 14

frontal

Answer 14

forehead

Question 15

orbital

Answer 15

eye

Question 16

cervical

Answer 16

neck

Question 17

pectoral

Answer 17

chest

Question 18

sternal

Answer 18

breastbone

Question 19

mammary

Answer 19

breast

Question 20

inguinal

Answer 20

groin

Question 21

otic

Answer 21

ear

Question 22

buccal

Answer 22

cheek

Question 23

mental

Answer 23

chin

Question 24

axillary

Answer 24

armpit

Question 25

brachial

Answer 25

arm

Question 26

antecubital

Answer 26

front of elbow

Question 27

antebrachial

Answer 27

forearm

Question 27

manual

Answer 27

hand

Question 28

talus

Answer 28

ankle

Question 29

crural

Answer 29

leg

Question 29

coxal

Answer 29

hip

Question 30

dorsum

Answer 30

top of foot

Question 31

digital

Answer 31

toes/fingers

Question 32

pedal

Answer 32

foot

Question 33

nuchal

Answer 33

back of neck

Question 34

scapular

Answer 34

shoulder blades

Question 35

lumbar

Answer 35

loin

Question 36

acromial

Answer 36

point of shoulder

Question 37

sural

Answer 37

calf

Question 37

olecranon

Answer 37

point of elbow

Question 37

dorsum

Answer 37

back of hand

Question 37

popliteal

Answer 37

hollow area behind knee

Question 38

sagittal plane

Answer 38

vertically, divides left to right

Question 39

median plane

Answer 39

sagittal plane creating equal left and right sides

Question 40

transverse/cross plane

Answer 40

horizontally, superior/inferior sections

Question 40

frontal/coronal plane

Answer 40

vertically, anterior/posterior sides

Question 41

transverse/cross section

Answer 41

cuts at the right angle to the length of an organ

Question 42

longitudinal section

Answer 42

cuts along the length of an organ

Question 42

what are the dorsal cavities

Answer 42

cranial cavity, spinal canal

Question 43

what are the ventral cavities

Answer 43

thoracic + abdominopelvic

Question 43

oblique section

Answer 43

cuts at any angle but right

Question 44

spinal canal

Answer 44

the dorsal cavity housing the spinal cord, formed by bone to protect it

Question 45

thoracic cavity

Answer 45

the ventral cavity containing 2 plural cavities, one for each lung.

Question 46

what divides the thoracic cavity?

Answer 46

the mediastinum (heart, thymus)

Question 47

diaphragm

Answer 47

separates the thoracic cavity from abdominopelvic cavity, allows us to breathe

Question 48

serous membranes

Answer 48

double layered, slippery membranes that enclose the cavity, serous fluid is found in between to lubricate

Question 49

visual for serous membrane

Answer 49

fist (organ) pushing through a balloon (the serous membrane)

Question 50

visceral vs parietal serous membrane

Answer 50

visceral: inner wall parietal: outer wall

Question 51

pericardium

Answer 51

the serous membrane of the heart

Question 52

pleura

Answer 52

the serous membrane of the lungs

Question 53

peritonium

Answer 53

the serous membrane of the abdominopelvic cavity