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Anatomy > Human Body Organization > Flashcards

Human Body Organization Flashcards

exam 1

1
Q

Anatomy

A

scientific discipline investigating body structure and form

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2
Q

Microscopic anatomy types

A

cistology: examines structural features of cells

histology: examines components of tissues

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2
Q

macroscopic/ gross anatomy

A

investigates structures visible to the naked eye

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3
Q

systemic macroscopic anatomy

A

study of each functional body system (ex: study of the respiratory system as a whole)

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4
Q

regional macroscopic anatomy

A

study of all structures in a region as a unit (ex: axilla)

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5
Q

surface macroscopic anatomy

A

study of superficial anatomical markings and related internal structures

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6
Q

anatomical position

A

standard position of reference for description of anatomical structures: erect, upper limbs at side, hands palm forward (anterior), legs shoulder width, toes forward

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7
Q

supine

A

lying on back

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7
Q

prone

A

lying face down

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8
Q

anterior vs posterior

A

anterior: in front
posterior: behind

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9
Q

ventral vs dorsal

A

ventral: toward belly
dorsal: toward back

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10
Q

medial vs lateral

A

medial: toward midline
lateral: away from midline

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11
Q

superficial vs deep

A

superficial: toward surface
deep: away from surface

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12
Q

superior vs inferior

A

superior: above
inferior: below

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13
Q

cephalic vs caudal

A

cephalic: toward head
caudal: toward tail

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14
Q

proximal vs distal

A

proximal: near attachment at trunk
distal: far from attachment at trunk

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14
Q

frontal

A

forehead

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15
Q

orbital

A

eye

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16
Q

cervical

A

neck

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17
Q

pectoral

A

chest

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18
Q

sternal

A

breastbone

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19
Q

mammary

A

breast

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20
Q

inguinal

A

groin

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21
Q

otic

A

ear

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22
Q

buccal

A

cheek

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23
Q

mental

A

chin

24
Q

axillary

A

armpit

25
Q

brachial

A

arm

26
Q

antecubital

A

front of elbow

27
Q

antebrachial

A

forearm

27
Q

manual

A

hand

28
Q

talus

A

ankle

29
Q

crural

A

leg

29
Q

coxal

A

hip

30
Q

dorsum

A

top of foot

31
Q

digital

A

toes/fingers

32
Q

pedal

A

foot

33
Q

nuchal

A

back of neck

34
Q

scapular

A

shoulder blades

35
Q

lumbar

A

loin

36
Q

acromial

A

point of shoulder

37
Q

sural

A

calf

37
Q

olecranon

A

point of elbow

37
Q

dorsum

A

back of hand

37
Q

popliteal

A

hollow area behind knee

38
Q

sagittal plane

A

vertically, divides left to right

39
Q

median plane

A

sagittal plane creating equal left and right sides

40
Q

transverse/cross plane

A

horizontally, superior/inferior sections

40
Q

frontal/coronal plane

A

vertically, anterior/posterior sides

41
Q

transverse/cross section

A

cuts at the right angle to the length of an organ

42
Q

longitudinal section

A

cuts along the length of an organ

42
Q

what are the dorsal cavities

A

cranial cavity, spinal canal

43
Q

what are the ventral cavities

A

thoracic + abdominopelvic

43
Q

oblique section

A

cuts at any angle but right

44
Q

spinal canal

A

the dorsal cavity housing the spinal cord, formed by bone to protect it

45
Q

thoracic cavity

A

the ventral cavity containing 2 plural cavities, one for each lung.

46
Q

what divides the thoracic cavity?

A

the mediastinum (heart, thymus)

47
Q

diaphragm

A

separates the thoracic cavity from abdominopelvic cavity, allows us to breathe

48
Q

serous membranes

A

double layered, slippery membranes that enclose the cavity, serous fluid is found in between to lubricate

49
Q

visual for serous membrane

A

fist (organ) pushing through a balloon (the serous membrane)

50
Q

visceral vs parietal serous membrane

A

visceral: inner wall
parietal: outer wall

51
Q

pericardium

A

the serous membrane of the heart

52
Q

pleura

A

the serous membrane of the lungs

53
Q

peritonium

A

the serous membrane of the abdominopelvic cavity

Anatomy (13 decks)

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