Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Ventilation and gas exchange in the lungs

A

External respiration

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2
Q

Gas exchange between the blood and other tissues

A

Internal respiration

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3
Q

2 types of breathing

A

Costal (thoracic)
Abdominal (diaphragmatic)

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4
Q

Type of breathing occurring when more air is needed than movement of the diaphragm

A

Costal (thoracic)

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5
Q

Type of breathing occurring during ordinary quiet breathing

A

Abdominal (diaphragmatic)

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6
Q

Rapid, shallow breathing

A

Polypnea

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7
Q

Normal quiet respiration

A

Eupnea

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8
Q

Difficult breathing

A

Dyspnea

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9
Q

Absence or cessation of respiration

A

Apnea

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10
Q

Increase depth or rate of breathing or both

A

Hyperpnea

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11
Q

External openings of the respiratory tract

A

External nares

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12
Q

Mucous membrane investing the ethmoidal conchae

A

Olfactory epithelium

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13
Q

Articulates with the palatine process of the maxillary bone

A

Vomer

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14
Q

Air-filled cavities that communicate with the nasal cavity

A

Paranasal sinuses

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15
Q

A common soft tissue conduit for food and air, lying caudal to the oral and nasal cavities

A

Pharynx

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16
Q

Regulates the size of the airway and to protect it by closing to prevent substances other than the air from entering the trachea

A

Larynx

17
Q

Organ of phonation (vocalization) - voice box

A

Larynx

18
Q

Conducts air into the lungs

A

Bronchi

19
Q

Bronchi that are too narrow to be supported by cartilage are known as

A

Bronchioles

20
Q

Terminal bronchioles with alveoli

A

Respiratory bronchioles

21
Q

Secondary bronchi

A

Lobar bronchi

22
Q

Tertiary bronchi

A

Segmental bronchi

23
Q

The process by which air is moved in and out of the lungs

A

Ventilation

24
Q

Movement of air in and out of alveoli

A

Alveolar ventilation

25
Q

Mechanism to dissipate heat

A

Panting

26
Q

Volume of air moved during each breath

A

Tidal volume

27
Q

Upper airways that are not sites of gas exchange

A

Anatomic dead space

28
Q

Includes the anatomic dead space and any alveoli in which normal gas exchanges cannot occur

A

Physiologic dead space

29
Q

Total rate of air-flow into and out of the lungs

A

Minute ventilation rate

30
Q

Rate of air flow into and out of the functioning alveoli

A

Alveolar ventilation rate

31
Q

Organ of phonation (voice box) in avians

A

Syrinx

32
Q

(Avian) blind-ended expansions to the respiratory tree the walls of which are composed of connective tissue covered externally by serosa

A

Air sacs

33
Q

5 avian air sacs

A

Interclavicular
Cervical
Anterior thoracic
Poster thoracic
Abdominal

34
Q

Avian air sac which lies in between the angle of two limbs of the furcular (wishbone)

A

Interclavicular

35
Q

(Avian respiratory system) arises from the side of each lung

A

Anterior thoracic

36
Q

(Arian air sacs) a large air sac from the distal end of each lung

A

Abdominal

37
Q

Larynx of birds

A

Syrinx