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ZOOT 1100 > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Types of circulation (4)

A

Closed
Open
Pulmonary
Systemic

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2
Q

Functions of bloods(6)

A

Exchange of respirators gases
Transportation of nutrients
Facilitates excretion of waste products
Transportation of specialized blood cells
Transportation of hormones of the endocrine glands
Facilitate countercurrent heat exchange

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3
Q

2 major components of blood

A

Plasma
Cellular components

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4
Q

Holds the blood cells in the whole blood suspension

A

Plasma

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5
Q

Serous membrane that partially surrounds the heart

A

Pericardium

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6
Q

Provides the lubrication for the heart during contraction

A

Pericardium

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7
Q

2 divisions of pericardium:

A

Visceral pericardium
Parietal pericardium

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8
Q

3 layers of heart

A

Epicardium
Myocardium
Endothelium

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9
Q

A condition due to reduced number of red blood cells or hemoglobin content in the blood

A

Anemia

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10
Q

A condition due to excessive red blood cells or circulating in the blood

A

Polycythemia

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11
Q

A condition associated with a decrease in the number of white blood cells

A

Leukopenia

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12
Q

A condition associated with an increase in the number of white blood cells

A

Leukocytosis

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13
Q

The blood clot attached to the interior wall of either a vein or an artery

A

Thrombus

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14
Q

The clot that is circulating in the blood

A

Embolus

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15
Q

Abnormally slow heartbeat

A

Bradycardia

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16
Q

Abnormally high heartbeat

A

Tachycardia

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17
Q

No heartbeat

A

Arrhythmia

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18
Q

Components transported in blood (6)

A

Respiratory gases
Nutrients
Waste products
Specialized blood cells
Hormones
Heat

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19
Q

Only 1% of the blood volume

A

White blood cells (leukocytes

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20
Q

Species with nucleated erythrocytes

A

Reptiles & amphibians
Avians
Teleosts (fish)

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21
Q

Species with enucleated erythrocytes

A

Cat
Dog
Human

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22
Q

Responsible for blood clotting

A

Platelets

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23
Q

Produces antibodies, neutralizes or fixes toxins

A

Lymphocytes

24
Q

Variety of white blood cell that tend to increase in number during allergic and parasitic condition

A

Eosinophils

25
Q

Type of white blood cell that produces antibodies neutralizes or fixes toxins

A

Lymphocytes

26
Q

RBCs are reduced in number or hemoglobin content

A

Anemia

27
Q

Excessive RBCs are found in the circulating blood

A

Polycythemia

28
Q

Decrease in the number of WBCs

A

Leukopenia

29
Q

Increase in the number of WBCs

A

Leukocytosis

30
Q

A blood clot attached to the interior wall of a vein/ artery

A

Thrombus

31
Q

A clot that is circulating in blood

A

Embolus

32
Q

A cone-shaped hollow muscular structure

A

Heart

33
Q

Directed dorsal or cranio-dorsal and is attached to other thoracic structures by large arteries, veins, and the pericardial sac

A

Base

34
Q

Directed ventral and is entirely free within the pericardial sac (heart)

A

Apex

35
Q

Outer serous covering of heart

A

Epicardium

36
Q

Thick muscular layer of heart

A

Myocardium

37
Q

Inner endothelial lining of heart

A

Endocardium

38
Q

Chambers of the heart

A

Atrium
Ventricle

39
Q

Heart chamber that receives blood

A

Atrium

40
Q

Heart chamber that pumps blood

A

Ventricle

41
Q

Valves of the heart

A

Atrioventricular valve
Semilunar valve

42
Q

Components of semilunar valve

A

Aortic valve
Pulmonary valve

43
Q

Fibrous cords found in the heart

A

Chordae tendineae

44
Q

Small muscular projections in the heart

A

Papillary muscles

45
Q

Great vessels of heart (4)

A

Vena cava
Pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary veins
Aorta

46
Q

Vessels in cardiovascular system (cavva)

A

Capillaries
Arteries
Veins
Venules
Arterioles

47
Q

Tubular structures that carry blood away from the heart

A

Arteries and arterioles

48
Q

Veins are _____ in diameter than the arteries and have much thinner walls

A

Larger

49
Q

Relaxation of a chamber of the heart just prior to and during the filling of the chamber

A

Diastole

50
Q

Contraction of a chamber of the heart that drives blood out of the chamber

A

Systole

51
Q

First sound or S1, marks the beginning of systole

A

Lub

52
Q

Second sound or S2, marks the beginning of diastole

A

Dub

53
Q

Measures the pressure in the arteries when the heart muscle contracts

A

Systolic blood pressure

54
Q

Measures the pressure in the arteries when the heart rests between beats & is refilled with blood

A

Diastolic blood pressure

55
Q

Pacemaker of the heart

A

Sinoatrial node

56
Q

Largest vein

A

Vena cava

ZOOT 1100 (16 decks)

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