Respiratory System Flashcards
What are the 2 systems of the RS?
Respiratory & Cardiovascular System
What are the 4 processes of the RS?
Pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, transport, internal respiration
What is the role of the conducting zone?
carrying air to the gas exchange site
What is the role of the respiratory zone?
Site of gas exchange
Which organs are part of the upper respiratory system?
Nose, nasal cavity and pharynx
The nasal cavity is separated by the?
Nasal septum
What is the nasal cavity above the nostrils?
The vestibule
The nasal cavity is covered by a?
mucous membrane
Superior nasal cavity?
olfactory mucosa which contains olfactory receptors
What is the pharynx?
a muscular tube at the back of the nose and mouth that leads down to the larynx
What is the nasopharynx?
Posterior to nasal cavity, soft palate and uvula close during swallowing
Where are the pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids) located?
posterior wall
Where is the oropharynx located?
from level of soft palate to epiglottis
Where is the laryngopharynx located?
posterior to epiglottis
What organs are part of the lower RS?
Larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs
What are the characteristics of the Larynx?
Called the “voice box”, used for voice production, allows for air to continue down the trachea, composed of cartilage, routes food down the esophagus toward the stomach
What are the 3 major cartilages of the larynx?
Thyroid, Epiglottic, Cricoid
What is the function of vocal ligaments?
forms the core of the vocal cord fold or true vocal cords
What is the function of the Glottis?
opening between them that can be closed or opened to regulate airflow for voice production
What are the functions of the trachea?
“wind pipe”, runs from the larynx down the mediastinum, horse-shoe shaped rings that are connected by a membrane. Contracts during coughing to expel air
What is the last tracheal cartilage called?
Carina
Characteristics of the Bronchi?
forms the bronchial or respiratory tree
What are terminal bronchioles?
once the diameter is less than 1 mm
What are respiratory bronchioles?
First part of the respiratory zone, leads to the alveolar duct and finally to clusters of alveolar sacs
