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Anatomy > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Vertebral Column

A

24 spinal nerves plus sacrum & coccyx

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2
Q

Meninges

A

3 distinct protective layers that encircle the spinal cord & brain.

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3
Q

Dura Matter

A

Thick outer layer

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4
Q

Arachnoid matter

A

Middle layer “spider like”

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5
Q

Pia Matter

A

Innermost layer “soft mother”

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6
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid

A

Found between the dura matter & the arachnoid matter. A cushion around the spinal cord & brain.

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7
Q

Blood brain barrier

A

Composed of cells that prevent toxins from entering the CNS from the bloodstream.

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8
Q

Conus Medullaris

A

Where the spinal cord starts to taper and end at L1

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9
Q

8Film terminale

A

Arises from the conus medullaris. Extension of the Pia matter that fuses with the arachnoid & dura matter to anchor the spinal cord to the coccyx

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10
Q

How many cervical nerves are there?

A

8

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11
Q

How many thoracic nerves are there?

A

12

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12
Q

How many Lumbar nerves are there?

A

5

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13
Q

How many sacral nerves are there?

A

5

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14
Q

How many coccygeal nerves are there?

A

1

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15
Q

Dermatomes

A

The area of the skin that provides sensory information to a specific spinal level

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16
Q

Cervical plexus

A

C1-C5

17
Q

Phrenic nerve

A

Causes contraction of the diaphragm for breathing

18
Q

Brachial plexus

A

C5-T1
Provides nerve distribution into the upper extremities.

19
Q

Lumbar plexus

A

L1-L4
Supplies part of abdomen, external genitalia & part of lower limbs

20
Q

Sacral plexus

A

S1-S4
Supplies the buttocks, pernieum, part of lower limb

21
Q

Coccygeal plexus

A

S4, S5 & coccygeal
Supplies coccygeal region

22
Q

Sensory Vs Motor Tracts

A

Sensory: ascending tracts
Motor: descending tracts

23
Q

Biceps reflex

A

C5

24
Q

Brachioradialis

A

C6

25
Q

Triceps reflex

A

C7

26
Q

Patellar reflex

A

L2-L4

27
Q

Achilles reflex

A

S1

28
Q

Monoplegia

A

Paralysis of one limb

29
Q

Diplegia

A

Paralysis of both upper or lower limbs

30
Q

Quadriplegia

A

Paralysis of all four limbs

31
Q

Complete transection

A

All function lost below that level

32
Q

Spinal cord compression

A

Caused by fracture vertebrae, herniated intervertebral disc, tumors & infections

33
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A

Immune system attacks the neurolemma of nerves

34
Q

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

A

ALS, attacks motor neurons of the brain & spinal cord resulting in muscle weakness and atrophy.

35
Q

Shingles

A

Acute infection of the peripheral nervous system that arises from the spinal cord.

Anatomy (10 decks)

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