Chapter 12

Question 1

What are the 5 general senses?

Answer 1

pain, touch, temperature, pressure, proprioception

Question 2

Pain/Nociceptors

Answer 2

Stimulated by tissue damage

Question 3

Mechanoreceptors

Answer 3

Stimulated by damage in pressure

Question 4

Thermoreceptors

Answer 4

Stimulated by change in temperature

Question 5

Chemoreceptors

Answer 5

Stimulated by chemicals/chemical concentrations

Question 6

Photoreceptors

Answer 6

Stimulated by light

Question 7

What are the three layers of the eyeball?

Answer 7

Fibrous layer (sclera), vascular layer (choroid), inner layer (retina)

Question 8

Fibrous layer (sclera)

Answer 8

“white” of the eye. Forms the shape of the eyeball and is the site for muscle attachment.

Question 9

Cornea

Answer 9

Transparent inner circle “window of the eye” Avascular

Question 10

Keratitis

Answer 10

Inflammation of the cornea

Question 11

Vascular layer

Answer 11

Choroid, Iris, Lens, Ciliary muscle

Question 12

Choroid

Answer 12

Vascular, attached to the retina & supplies it with blood supply

Question 13

Iris

Answer 13

Colored part of the eye

Question 14

Pupil

Answer 14

Black part of the eye

Question 15

Lens

Answer 15

Sits directly behind the pupil

Question 16

Cilliary muscle

Answer 16

Connects the iris and lens to the choroid layer, changes the curve of the lens

Question 17

Farsighted (presbyopia)

Answer 17

Inability to focus on close objects

Question 18

Nearsighted (myopia)

Answer 18

Inability to focus on objects father away

Question 19

Cataracts

Answer 19

Lens becomes hard and loses its transparency

Question 20

Retina

Answer 20

Contains photoreceptors

Question 21

Cones

Answer 21

Day vision

Question 22

Forea centralis

Answer 22

Area containing the highest concentration of cones. Red, green & blue

Question 23

Rods

Answer 23

Night vision

Question 24

Aqueous humor

Answer 24

Watery fluid in front of the lens

Question 25

Glaucoma

Answer 25

Drainage gets blocked- internal pressure increases, can lead to blindness

Question 26

Vitreous humor

Answer 26

Gel-like substance, pushes the retina against the choroid layer to get blood supply

Question 27

3 parts of the ear

Answer 27

outer, middle and inner

Question 28

Auricle (pinna)

Answer 28

leads to external acoustic canal

Question 29

Eardrum

Answer 29

Tympanic membrane. Lined with glands that secrete cerumen (ear wax)

Question 30

Malleus

Answer 30

Hammer, part of the middle ear

Question 31

Incus

Answer 31

Anvil, part of the middle ear

Question 32

Stapes

Answer 32

Stirrup, part of the middle ear. Leads to auditory tube, connects to pharynx.

Question 33

Cochlea

Answer 33

Snail shaped part of the bone, contains receptors with tiny hairs for hearing

Question 34

Vestibule & semicircular canals

Answer 34

Concerned with balance

Question 35

Gustation

Answer 35

Taste buds (papillae) use chemoreceptors

Question 36

Type of taste

Answer 36

Sour, bitter, salty, sweet, Unami (meat/savory)

Question 37

Olfaction

Answer 37

Chemoreceptors in nasal passage. Aids in taste