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Anatomy > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the nervous system?

A

Responsible for communication & coordination of all body functions

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2
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Brain & Spinal Cord

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3
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Any nerves outside of the CNS, connects the rest of the body with the CNS. Autonomic nervous system

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4
Q

What is the main function of a neuron?

A

To conduct a nerve impulse

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5
Q

3 parts of a neuron

A

Cell body, dendrites and axon

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6
Q

What do dendrites do?

A

Receiving/input fibers

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7
Q

What do axons do?

A

Sends signal out

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8
Q

What are the three types of neurons?

A

Sensory, Interneurons, and Motor

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9
Q

Purpose of axon terminals?

A

Storage spot for chemical neurotransmitters

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10
Q

Purpose of myelin sheath

A

covering layer of white fatty material that protects & insulates the nerve fibers. Increases the speed of transmission.

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11
Q

Purpose of Nodes of Ranvier

A

Gaps in the myelin sheath, allows for electrical impulse to travel more quickly.

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12
Q

Neuroglia of the CNS?

A

Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia and ependymal cells.

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13
Q

Neuroglia of the PNS?

A

Swchann cells, Satellite cells

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14
Q

Astrocytes

A

“star cells” prevents blood toxins from entering the nervous system

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15
Q

Microglia

A

Smaller astrocytes

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16
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

Help hold nerve fibers together. Produce myelin sheath.

17
Q

Ependymal cells

A

Line the inside of the ventricles of the brain & spinal cord. Produce CSP.

18
Q

Satellite Cells

A

Flat cells around the cell body. Provide structural support.

19
Q

Schwann Cells

A

Form the myelin sheath that is wrapped around an axon = neurolemma

20
Q

White Matter

A

Appears white from the myelinated fibers. Found in the CNS and PNS

21
Q

Gray Matter

A

Consist of cell bodies, interneurons and unmyelinated fibers. Dispersed throughout the white matter.

22
Q

Diverging

A

One presynaptic neuron influences several postsynaptic neurons. ex: muscle fibers

23
Q

Converging

A

Several presynaptic with one specific postsynaptic neuron. Ex: receptor neuron receiving information from several muscle fibers.

24
Q

Reverberating circuits

A

A presynaptic neuron causes the postsynaptic neuron to send a series of nerve impulses. Ex: breathing.

25
Q

Parallel after discharge circuits

A

Single presynaptic neuron stimulates a group of neurons, each of which synapses with a common postsynaptic cell. Ex: Useful for quick succession of activities, critical thinking such as math equations.

26
Q

Plasticity

A

Capability to change based on experiences

27
Q

Neurogenesis

A

The creation of new nerve fibers.

Anatomy (10 decks)

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