Respiratory system Flashcards
functions of respiratory system
getting oxygen into the body
removing carbon dioxide from the body
what happens during inhilation
diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract
ribs go up and out
diaphragm lowers
volume in lungs increases
pressure in lungs decreases
air rushes in
what happens during exhilation
diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax
ribs go down and in
diaphragm returns to dome
volume in lungs decreases
pressure in lungs increases
air rushes out
what is the pathway of air
air enters nasal cavity / mouth
air goes down the trachea
air arrives at the bronchi
separates into right and left lung
travels down bronchioles
arrives at the alveoli
structure of alveoli
moist walls
one cell thick
surrounded by capillaries
large surface area
respiratory rate
number of breaths per minute
today volume
amount of air inspired and expired with each normal breath
vital capacity
largest amount of air that can be forcefully inspired or expired
VO2 max
volume of air an athlete can consume while exercising at maximum capacity
components of inhaled air
78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
0.04% carbon dioxide
components of exhaled air
78% nitrogen
17% oxygen
4% carbon dioxide
3 short term effects of respiratory system
increased respiratory rate
increased tidal volume
experience oxygen debt if anaerobic
3 long term effects of respiratory system
improved lung efficiency
increased efficiency of carbon dioxide removal
increased vital capacity
more alveoli
increase in VO2 max
increased capillarisation
rib muscle and diaphragm get stronger
increased tolerance to oxygen debt
