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PE > classification of skills, practice structures, guidance, feedback and goal setting > Flashcards

classification of skills, practice structures, guidance, feedback and goal setting Flashcards

1
Q

what is a skill

A

a learned ability to bring about the result you want, with maximum certainty and efficiency

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1
Q

what is a closed skill

A

take place in a stable environment, not affected by the environment, movements follow set patterns with a clear start and finish and they tend to be self paced

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2
Q

3 examples of closed skills

A

penalty in football
forward roll
throwing a javelin

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3
Q

what is an open skill

A

takes place in a changing environment and the player has to adapt to surroundings, often in a competitive situation

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4
Q

3 examples of open skills

A

rugby tackle
sailing a boat
saving a goal

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5
Q

what is a basic skill

A

one that is easy and requires little concentration

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6
Q

3 examples of basic skills

A

running 100m
cycling
throwing a ball

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7
Q

what is a complex skill

A

a skills that requires complete attention and concentration as they’re technically difficult and need to be practised over and over

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8
Q

3 examples of complex skills

A

performing a vault
sailing
serving in tennis

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9
Q

what is a low organisation skill

A

a skill with clear, simple parts that can be easily broken down and practised separately

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10
Q

3 examples of low organisation skills

A

tennis serve
dance routine
breast stroke

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11
Q

what is a high organisation skill

A

a skill that has lots of complicated phrases or parts which cannot be broken down or practised separately as they are closely linked together

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12
Q

3 examples of high organisation skills

A

somersault
golf swing
cycling

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13
Q

what is a practice structure

A

something that needs to be planned based on skill, ability, fitness, experience and ability
practice depends on skills developed, age, ability and session objectives

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14
Q

explain a fixed practice structure

A

the same skill practised repeatedly in the same way, over and over, until perfect
often used for drills, closed skills, new skills and less experienced players

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15
Q

when would you use a fixed structure

A

serve in tennis
golf swing
penalty kick

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16
Q

what is a variable practice structure

A

when a skill is practised in a variety of situations, allowing adaptation to suit different unpredictable and changing conditions
often used with open skills, competitive games, conditioned games and more experienced players

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17
Q

when would you use a variable structure

A

hockey tackle
dodging in netball
invasion games

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18
Q

what is a massed practice structure

A

when a skill is repeated continuously over long periods of time without any breaks
often used with low organisation skills, basic skills, and more experienced players in order to improve fitness and hone technique

19
Q

when would you use massed practice

A

running
swimming
cycling

20
Q

what is distributed practice structure

A

when a skill is practised with breaks to allow for feedback, rest or mental rehearsal
often used with new skills, complex skills and less motivated players

21
Q

what is visual guidance

A

when you are shown a demonstration with visual aids
used for beginners / inexperienced players

22
Q

advantages of visual guidance

A

you can copy the movement
can be done in groups - multiple people can see it in one go so no need for repetition

23
Q

disadvantages of visual guidance

A

if the demo is poor / inaccurate, it could result in it being learnt and performed incorrectly
time consuming / expensive if using videos

24
Q

what is verbal guidance

A

when it is explained in words, to emphasise specific points and how it should feel
used for high level performers

25
Q

advantages of verbal guidance

A

instructions can be given quickly and in detail
can explain the why and how
can be used during performance
no equipment needed

26
Q

disadvantages of verbal guidance

A

some movements are difficult to explain, especially for beginners
relies upon coaches communication skills being good

27
Q

what is manual guidance

A

when you get moved into the correct position to feel how the movement should be done
used for beginners

28
Q

advantages of manual guidance

A

performers can get a feel for the movement
builds confidence
can help break it down into phases

29
Q

disadvantages of manual guidance

A

feeling it is not the same as doing it unaided
incorrect feel can lead to doing it wrong
can only be used 1:1
performers can become reliant on it
difficult in big groups

30
Q

what is mechanical guidance

A

when you use equipment to perform a skill

31
Q

advantages of mechanical guidance

A

performers can get a feel for the movement
builds confidence
reduces danger

32
Q

disadvantages of mechanical guidance

A

feeling it is not the same as doing it unaided
incorrect feel can lead to doing it wrong
can only be used 1:1
performers can become reliant on it
difficult in big groups
can be expensive

33
Q

what do coaching methods depend on

A

personality and learning style
specific skill / sport
facilities available

34
Q

what is intrinsic feedback

A

feedback that comes from the performer as they think about how they performed or what they contributed
can affect motivation so it is important that they think they performed well and do it again
best suited to experienced players as a novice won’t have the knowledge needed in comparison to the coach

35
Q

what is extrinsic feedback

A

comes from an outside source e.g coach, teammates or friends
important as it will motivate them to improve and continue
best suited to beginners / novices

36
Q

what is concurrent feedback

A

given during performance e.g coach on sidelines
feedback can be acted on immediately

37
Q

what is terminal feedback

A

feedback given at the end of a game / performance
benefit of being more reflective and can give an overview

38
Q

what is quantitative data

A

data measure in amounts
often set out in charts, graphs or tables
e.g number of successful and unsuccessful netball shots

39
Q

what is qualitative data

A

looking at people’s opinions or how they feel

40
Q

what is an ability

A

something seen as natural or inherited

41
Q

what does the ‘S’ stand for in goal setting

A

specific
goal has to be clear, focused on one area and is sport and position specific

42
Q

what does the ‘M’ stand for in goal setting

A

measurable
a way of checking to see if you have improved and if you are getting closer to your goals which is motivating to see

43
Q

what does the ‘A’ stand for in goal setting

A

achievable
is the goal within the performers capability as if it isn’t then it may be demotivating

44
Q

what does the ‘R’ stand for in goal setting

A

realistic
can you achieve it in a given time frame and do you have the resources available

45
Q

what does the ‘T’ stand for in goal setting

A

time bound
do you have enough time and a cutoff point for your goal

46
Q

what is a quantifiable outcome

A

an outcome that has a number to it

PE (15 decks)

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