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PE > injuries > Flashcards

injuries Flashcards

1
Q

what is a simple fracture

A

a fracture where the bone breaks but there is no puncture to the skin
takes place in a line

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2
Q

how does a simple fracture occur

A

usually from a blow e.g severe twist

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3
Q

symptoms of simple fracture

A

pain at site of injury, inability to move, very tender, swelling, deformity of limb, hear bone break

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4
Q

what is a compound fracture

A

where the broken bone protrudes through the skin
more serious due to infection

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5
Q

how does a compound fracture occur

A

usually from a collision e.g fall in gymnastics or rugby tackle

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6
Q

symptoms of a compound fracture

A

pain at site of injury, inability to move, very tender, swelling, deformity of limb, hear bone break, can see bone

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7
Q

what is a greenstick fracture

A

bone only partly broken - bone buckles
common at wrist
common in children whose bones are still soft

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8
Q

how does a greenstick fracture occur

A

e.g running relays or using walls to turn

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9
Q

symptoms of greenstick fracture

A

pain at site of injury, inability to move, very tender, swelling, deformity of limb

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10
Q

what is a stress fracture

A

due to overuse
muscles to fatigued and unable to absorb shock
linked to osteoporosis and eating disorders

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11
Q

how do stress fractures occur

A

too much increase in training
no rest days
playing on unfamiliar surfaces
common on weight bearing areas e.g back

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12
Q

symptoms of stress fracture

A

pain at site of injury, inability to move, very tender, swelling, deformity of limb

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13
Q

what is a dislocation

A

where a bone at a joint is forced out of its normal position

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14
Q

how does a dislocation occur

A

occurs from a hard hit where bone is displaced

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15
Q

symptoms of dislocation

A

deformity, swelling, joint locked out of place, pain, associated fracture

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16
Q

what is a sprain

A

damage to ligament

17
Q

how does a sprain / twist occur

A

twist is common in invasion games
occurs when stretching too far past normal range of joint
can occur when twisting or colliding

18
Q

symptoms of sprain

A

pain, swelling, discolouration, inability to walk if on ankle

19
Q

what is a strain

A

a twist, pull or tear of tendon or muscle
common in back of hamstring in team sports

20
Q

symptoms of a strain

A

sharp pain, popping sensation, bruising, inability to use muscle

21
Q

what is tennis elbow

A

happens when stretching or tearing muscles / tendons
happens on the outside of elbow
e.g racquet with wrong grip

22
Q

symptoms of tennis elbow

A

pain and warmth

23
Q

what is golfers elbow

A

happens when stretching or tearing muscles / tendons
happens on inside of elbow

24
Q

symptoms of golfers elbow

A

pain and warmth

25
Q

what is torn cartilage and how does it occur

A

cartilage absorbs impact and damage is often due to wear + tear from long term overuse
common in knee

26
Q

symptoms of torn cartilage

A

clicking or catching sensation, popping, pain

27
Q

what is an abrasion

A

caused by friction on the skin against rough surface
e.g falling over on an artificial pitch in hockey

28
Q

symptoms of abrasions

A

visible graze, keep clean to prevent infection and clean with a sterile wipe and antiseptic cream

29
Q

what is a concussion

A

mild head / brain injury

30
Q

how does a concussion occur

A

caused by a blow to the head or shake of the brain
common in contact sports where you easily clash / bang heads

31
Q

symptoms of a concussion

A

headaches, weakness, dizziness, confusion, nausea, unconsciousness, seek medical advice and monitoring

32
Q

what is rice

A

a way to treat minor injuries that prevents them from getting worse

33
Q

what does rice stand for

A

rest - stop training
ice - apply something cold to reduce pain and swelling
compression - use pressure to hold ice to limit pain and swelling
elevation - raise injury above heart to minimise swelling

34
Q

what is PAR-Q

A

a self screening tool used by people planning to start exercise to find out if anyone has underlying health issues before starting training

35
Q

how do you reduce risk in sport

A

par-q - physical readiness
warm up and cool down
playing by the rules
protective equipment and clothing
checking equipment and facilities
correct use of principles of training

36
Q

examples of protective equipment and clothing

A

mouthguard - rugby
gloves - boxing
squash - glasses
mats - gymnastics
helmet - cricket
skates - iceskating
spikes - track
studs - football

PE (15 decks)

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