Muscular System Flashcards
3 short term effects on muscular system
Increased muscle temp
Lactic acid build up
Dehydration
Muscle cramp
Muscle fatigue
Increased CO2 production
Increased body temp
3 long term effects on muscular system
body shape change
Increased tolerance to lactic acid
Stronger and thicker tendons
Increased flexibility
Muscular hypertrophy
name the muscles
deltiod
trapezius
latissimus dorsi
gluteals
hamstring
gastrocnemius
quads
tircep
tibialis anterior
hip flexor
abdominals
bicep
pectoralis major
deltoid
front and rear of shoulder
abducts arm and lifts above head
hip flexor
front of hip
connects leg, pelvis and abdomen
flexes hip and moves knee and leg up to body
pectoralis major
front of chest
abducts arm and moves forward
bicep
front of upper arm
flexes lower arm
tricep
back of upper arm
extends lower arm
latissimus dorsi
back of chest
extends and abducts lower arm
abdominals
front of abdomen
holds in stomach, flexes spine and rotates trunk
gluteals
in buttocks
extends and abducts upper leg
quadriceps
front of thigh
extends lower leg
hamstrings
back of thigh
flexes lower leg
tibialis anterior
runs down shin
flexes foot at ankle
gastrocnemuis
back of lower leg
extends foot at ankle
trapezuis
upper back
moves arm backwards at shoulder level
what are antagonistic muscle pairs
two muscles that work together to create movement as one contracts (agonist) as the other relaxes (antagonist)
what are the antagonistic muscle pairs
bicep and tricep to extend and flex elbow
hip flexor and gluteals to flex and extend hip
hamstring and quadricep to flex and extend leg at knee
tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius to perform dorsi and plantar flexion
what is eccentric contraction
when a muscle lengthens
what is concentric contraction
when a muscle shortens
what is isotonic contraction
when muscles contract and create movement
what is isometric contraction
when muscles contract with no resulting movement
what are 3 types of muscle
voluntary
involuntary
cardiac
voluntary muscles
choose when to use them
made of myofibrils
attatch to skeleton by tendons
isotonic contractions
involuntary muscles
cant control them
spindle shaped fibres
controlled by involuntary nervous system
cardiac mucles
found in heart wall only
cant control them
interlaced fibres
spread electrochemical messages
regulates HR and pumps blood
what are the 3 types of muscle fibre
type l slow
type lla fast
type llx fast
when would you use type l slow
marathon or swimming
when would you use type lla fast
javelin or triple jump
when would you use type llx
weight lifting and high jump
