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PE > Cardiovascular system > Flashcards

Cardiovascular system Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the CV system

A

Transport
Blood clotting
Body temp and regulation

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2
Q

Explain transport in CV system

A

heart pumps oxygen round body
body transports nutrients
CV system removed waste products

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3
Q

Explain blood clotting in CV system

A

platelets clot blood by forming a mesh as they contain thrombokinase

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4
Q

3 types of blood vessels

A

artery, vein, capillary

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5
Q

features of an artery

A

thick walls
small lumen
carry high pressure blood
blood away from heart
oxygenated blood

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6
Q

features of a vein

A

thin walls
large lumen
blood towards heart
low pressure
deoxygenated
contain valves

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7
Q

features of a capillary

A

very small lumen
one cell thick walls
link arteries and veins
very low pressure
oxygenated blood at one end deoxygenated at the other

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8
Q

define a blood vessel

A

how blood travels round the body

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9
Q

what is vascular shunting

A

process thag increased blood flow to active areas via vasodilation and vasoconstriction

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10
Q

define blood pressure

A

the pressure of blood against the walls of your heart

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11
Q

what is the top number on you blood pressure

A

systole - when heart contracts

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12
Q

whats the bottom number of blood pressure

A

diastole - when you heart muscles relax

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13
Q

what are the components of blood

A

plasma
platelets
red blood cells
white blood cells

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14
Q

what are red blood cells

A

concave shape
contain haemoglobin which binds to oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin

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15
Q

what are white blood cells

A

help fight infection

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16
Q

what are platelets

A

help clot blood as they contain thrombokinase

17
Q

what is plasma

A

contains nutrients and minerals such as calcium and glucose

18
Q

heart rate

A

number of times heart beats per minute

19
Q

adrenaline

A

hormone that makes heart beat faster and causes blood to be diverted from organs to muscles

20
Q

blood pressure

A

force exerted by blood on blood vessels

21
Q

stroke volume

A

volume of blood pumped out of the heart in a single beat

22
Q

cardiac output

A

volume of blood pumped out of the heart in 1 min
heart rate x stroke volume

23
Q

shunting

A

moving blood to where it is needed most

24
Q

recovery rate

A

rate at which the heart reat returns to resting levels after exercise

25
Q

formula for maximum heart rate

A

220 - age

26
Q

3 short term effects on CV system

A

increased heart rate
increased stroke volume
increased blood pressure
increased cardiac output

27
Q

3 long terms effects on CV system

A

cardiac hypertrophy
increased maximum cardiac output
increased number of red blood cells
increased stroke volume
decrease in resting heart rate
decrease in resting BP

28
Q

explain body temp and regulation in the CV system

A

vasoconstriction
vasodilation

PE (15 decks)

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