Respiratory System Flashcards
What are the 3 functions of the respiratory system
1) respiration
2) cellular respiration provide tissues with oxygen and dispose of co2
3) helps with olfaction and speech
What are the 2 processes of respiratory system
pulmonary ventilation
external respiration
What are the 2 processes of circulator system
transport
internal respiration
Define pulmonary ventilation
breathing ( air in and out of lungs)
define external respiration
o2 and co2 exchange between lungs and blood
define transport
o2 and c02 in blood
define internal respiration
o2 and co2 exchange between capillaries and tissues
What are the 6 major organs of the respiratory system
1) nose+ nasal cavity+ paranasal sinuses
2) pharynx
3) larynx
4) trachea
5) bronchi and branches
6) lungs and alveoli
What is the difference between the conducting and respiratory zones
conducting zone are channels leading to gas exchange and respiratory zone are site of gas exchange
Define conducting zone
channels leading to gas exchange sites
cleanses,warms, and humidifies the air
Define respiratory zone
site of gas exchange
microscopic
respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli
diaphragm and supporting respiratory muscles for ventilation
What are the 5 function of the nose
1) airway for respiration
2) moistens and warms entering air
3) filter and cleans air with nasal hairs
4) contains olfactory receptors
5) resonating chamber for speech
define nose bridge
where base of nose connects to rest of nose
define nose apex
tip of nose
define alae
make up the nostrils and is made of cartilage
define nares
nostril openings
define philtrum
small indent above the upper lip
connects apex to upper lip
nasal septum
divides the nose
is made of cartilage and bone
What type of epithelium cells are found in the nasal cavity
pseudostratified ciliated columnar
define olfactory mucosa
contains olfactory nerve endings
define respiratory mucosa
contains lysozyme and defensins
the cilia moves dirty mucus to throat
air is warmed by capillaries
Define the nasal conchae
increase mucosal area and air turbulene
How does the nasal mucosa and conchae play a role in inhalation and exhalation
inhalation: filter, heat, and moisten air during
exhalation: reclaim heat and moisture
list and describe the functions of the paranasal sinuses
located within the frontal ,sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bone 3 functions 1) lighten weight of skull 2) secrete mucus 3) help warm and moisten air