Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical > respiratory system > Flashcards

respiratory system Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ABG

A

arterial blood gases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

COPD

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

SOB

A

Short of breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

URI

A

Upper Respiratory Infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Thorac-(o)

A

chest, thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

trach (e,i,o)

A

trachea, windpipe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

pneum(o,on)

A

lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

pharyng (o)

A

pharynx, throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

pulmon (o)

A

lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

or (o)

A

mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

rhino

A

nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

pnea

A

breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Apnea

A

absence of respirations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dyspnea

A

difficult breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

hemoptysis

A

spitting up blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

bradypnea

A

slower than normal breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

eupnea

A

normal breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

orthopnea

A

condition in which breathing becomes easier when the patient is sitting up straight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

tachypnea

A

faster than normal breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

hyperventilation

A

condition in which breathing is faster and deeper than normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

hypoventilation

A

condition in which breathing is too slow and shallow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

hypoxia

A

low oxygen levels in the blood stream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

pulmonary embolism (PE)

A

a traveling blood clot that becomes logged in a lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the function of the URT

A

inhaling and humidifying air. also transports the air to the lower respiratory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is included in the upper respiratory tract

A

nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, larynx, epiglottis

28
Q

how many sections are in the nasal cavity

A

3

29
Q

what is is the vestibular region

A

contains course hairs that act as a first line of defense against infection. it filters air and contains sneeze reflex when dust/pollen get trapped in airways

30
Q

what is in the olfactory (smell) region

A

located on the roof of the nasal cavity. contains senses of smell and taste.

31
Q

respiratory region

A

in charge of warming and humidifying the air. the mucous membrane ae lined with blood vessels that humidify air to about 80% humidity. The drier the air you inhale the harder you have to work

32
Q

sinuses

A

air filled cavities that surround the nose. they lighten the weight of the head, warm and moisten the air and strengthen the tone of your voice

33
Q

how many sections in the pharynx

A

3

34
Q

nasopharynx

A

upper portion behind nasal cavities, passageway to middle ear is located here

35
Q

oropharynx

A

middle portion behind the mouth. uvula tissue in back of throat that covers the nasopharynx during vomiting/swollowing

36
Q

laryngopharynx

A

bottom portion

37
Q

larynx

A

voicebox

  • houses structures that produce speech
  • lined with mucous membrane that forms two folds called vocal cords
  • contains glottis
38
Q

glotis

A

above vocal cords where air vibrates

39
Q

What protects the vocal cords

A

thyroid cartilage called the adams apple

40
Q

epiglottis

A

a leaf-like structure of cartilage that closes the opening to the larynx when you swollow and opens up to allow air into the larynx when we breathe

41
Q

lungs

A

right has 3 lobes and left has 2 due to placement of heart. it is surrounded by membrane called pleura

42
Q

pleura

A

is a double layer membrane that prevents rubbing during inspiration and expiration

43
Q

trachea

A

windpipe
-extends from the larynx to the center of the chest. Carries air between the pharynx and the bronchi. Has c-shaped cartilages that help keep it open.

44
Q

bronchi

A

carry air from the trachea to the lungs. the bronchi divide into smaller bronchi untill they reach the smallest branches called bronchioles

45
Q

alveoli

A

known as terminal bronchioles, look like grapes. they are one cell layer thick and have a rich layer of capilaries where o2 and co2 exchange between blood and lungs

46
Q

surfactant

A

a lipid substance that keeps the aveoli from colapsinng

47
Q

what are the accesory muscles of the respiratory system

A

intercostal muscles, sternomastoid muscles, diaphragm

48
Q

ventilation

A

the process by which air moves into and out of the lungs. 2 parts inspiration, expiration

49
Q

inspiration

A

inhaling

the process of air flowing into the lungs

50
Q

expiration

A

exhaling

air is forced out of the lungs and air passages

51
Q

what is respiration

A

the exchange of gases, specifically oxygen and carbon dioxide. 3 types. external, internal, cellular

52
Q

external respiration

A

fresh oxygen from outside the body fills the lungs and alveoli, allowing gas exchange between the aveoli and the pulmonary blood (capilaries)

  • exchange of O2 and CO2 between lungs and bloodstream
  • takes pllace in aveoli
  • O2 from alvioli enters capillaries and bloodstream
  • Co2 leaves capilaries and enters aveoli where it is exhaled
53
Q

internal respiration

A

occurs inside the body between tissues and capillaries

  • exchange of O2 and CO2 between tissue cells and bloodstream
  • O2 leaves the bloodstream and enters cells. CO2 leaves the cells and enters the bloodstream to be exhaled
54
Q

cellular respiration

A

metabolism

55
Q

What part of the brain controls our breathing

A

medulla oblongata

56
Q

what does the medula oblongata do

A

stimulates the diaphragm and the internal intercostal muscles

57
Q

what prevents over inflation of the aveoar sacs

A

hering breur reflex

58
Q

what causes the PH of the CSF to decrease

A

high levals of carbon dioxide increase the number of hydrogen ions

59
Q

Asthma

A

caused by a sensitivity to an allergen

- narrows theopenings of the airways, increases mucous production, edema

60
Q

bronchitis

A

inflamation of the bronchi and bronchial tubes
acute- infection
-chronic-long term exposure

61
Q

COPD

A

used to describe any chronic lung disease that results in airway obstruction.
- includes asthema, bronchitis, emphsema

62
Q

emphysema

A

the walls of the aveloi deteriorate and lose their elasticity
- caused by smoking and pollen

63
Q

pnemonia

A

an inflamation or infection of the lungs characterized byfluid in the alvioli-bacteria viruses o chemicals

64
Q

epitaxis-nosebleed

A

occurs when capilaries in nose become congested

- can be caused by injury or infection

65
Q

influenza

A

flu

  • highly contageous
  • peer respiratory infection
  • sudden onset with chills, fever, cough, sore throt, runny nose, muscle pain, fatigue
  • treat symptoms
66
Q

laryngitis

A

inflamation of the larynx and the vocal cords. usually occurs with other respiratory infections

67
Q

tuberculosis

A

infectious lung disease caused by bacteria mycrobacterium tebruculosis
- remain dormant in the lungs and activate when defences down.
medication 1-2 years

Medical (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions