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Podiatry - Medicine 1 > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What system does the respiratory system work in tandem with?

A

Cardiovascular System = transports RESPIRATORY gases

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2
Q

What is Ischemia?

A

An insufficient supply of blood to an organ (usually due to a blocked artery)

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3
Q

What is Hypoxia?

A
  • A deficiency in the amount of o2 reaching body tissues
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4
Q
A
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5
Q

Where does the upper respiratory tracht end?

A

Pharynx

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6
Q

What two zones are the respiratory system split into?

A
  • Conducting Zone
  • Respiratory Zone
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7
Q

What parts of the respiratory system to the conducting zone contain?

A
  • nasal cavity
  • pharynx
  • larynx
  • trachea
  • bronchi
  • bronchioles
  • terminal bronchioles
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8
Q

What parts of the respiratory system to the respiratory zone contain?

A
  • Respiratory bronchioles
  • alveoli ducts
  • alveoli
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9
Q

What are five functions of the nasal structure? (why do we have a nose)

A
  1. Smell
  2. Filter - hairs, sneezing
  3. Moistens - mucus
  4. Warms - warms the air, highly vascularised
  5. Hollow resonating chamber (for your voice)
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10
Q

What is the Pharynx?

A

A funnel shaped tube of skeletal muscle

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11
Q

What does the Pharynx connect to superiorly?

A
  • Nasal Cavity
  • Oral Cavity
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12
Q

What does the Pharynx connect to inferiorly?

A
  • Larynx
  • Oesophagus
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13
Q

What are three functions of the throat?

A
  • Passage of air
  • Passafe of food and water
  • Resonating chamber (for voice)
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14
Q

What is your adams apple also known as?

A

Thyroid Cartilage

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15
Q

Do women have thyroid cartilage?

A

Yes - although mens are larger and protrude more

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16
Q

What are the main structures within the Larynx?

A
  • Thyroid Cartilage
  • Epiglottis
  • Vocal folds, also known as true vocal cords
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17
Q

What is the Glottis?

A

An opening between the vocal folds and the larynx

18
Q

What is the epiglottis?

A

A thin elastic cartilaginous structure located at the roof of the tongue, which folds over the glottis to prevent food and liquid from entering the trachae during swallowing

19
Q

What is the trachea?

A
  • C-shaped rings of smooth muslce cartilage that is lined with a pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
20
Q

What is the purpose of the rings of C-shaped cartilage in the trachea?

A

To keep the airway open when the oesophagus takes bolus of food downward

21
Q

How many branches are thre in the bronchial tree?

A

23

22
Q

what are the first six branches in the bronchial tree?

A
  1. Trachea
  2. Primary bronchi
  3. secondary bronchi
  4. tertiary bronchi
  5. bronchioles
  6. Terminal bronchioles
23
Q

What difference is there between the right and left lung?

A
  • The right lung has three lobes associated with it (superior, medial, inferior), whereas the left lung only has two (superior, inferior)
24
Q

What is the cardiac notch?

A

The curvature at the bottom part of the left lung which the hear is placed in.

25
Q

What are the folds in the lungs that seperate the lobes called?

A

Fissures

26
Q

What is the parietal pleura?

A

The outer layer of the lung

27
Q

What is the visceral pleura?

A

The inner layer of the lung membrane

28
Q

How many alveoli are in the lungs?

A

Approximately 300 million

29
Q

What types of bronchiole have alveoli on them?

A

Respiratory bronchioles

30
Q

What structures cover alveoli?

A
  • Smooth muscle
  • Capillaries
  • Elastic Fibres
31
Q

What is respiration defined as?

A
  • An exchange of gases between the atmosphere, blood, and cells
32
Q

What is pulmonary ventilation?

A

Breating - gas moving in and out of the lungs

33
Q

What is External (pulmonary) respiration?

A

Gas exchange between alveoli and blood

34
Q

What is Internal (tissue) respiration?

A

Gas exchange between blood and cells (tissue)

35
Q

What is Respiratory gas transport?

A

Transport of gases via bloodstream

36
Q

True or false: Breathing is a mechanical process

A

True

37
Q

What happens to your diagphram when you inhale?

A

It contract and straightens out inferiorly

38
Q

What are non-respiratory air movements?

A
  • laughing
  • talking
  • burping
  • sneezing
  • etc..
39
Q

A healthy adult breahtes ___ times per minute

A

12

40
Q

Normal breathing moves about ____ ml of air in and out of the lungs, this is called _______.

A
  1. 500
  2. Tidal Volume
41
Q

What is Minute Ventilation?

A

Total volume of air inhaled and exhaled each minute

42
Q
A

Podiatry - Medicine 1 (13 decks)

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