Blood

Question 1

What are the three main functions of blood?

Answer 1

1. Transport 2. Protection 3. Regulation

Question 2

What is the average temperature of blood?

Answer 2

38C (one degree warmer than core body temp)

Question 3

Is oxygen rich blood lighter or darker red?

Answer 3

Lighter

Question 4

What is the average pH of blood?

Answer 4

7.35-7.45

Question 5

What is the average blood volume in males?

Answer 5

5-6L

Question 6

What is the average blood volume in females?

Answer 6

4-5L

Question 7

How much percent of body weight does blood account for?

Answer 7

8%

Question 8

What type of tissue is blood?

Answer 8

Connective

Question 9

What is blood composed of?

Answer 9

1. Blood Plasma 2. Formed Elements

Question 10

What are formed elements?

Answer 10

1. ERYTHROCYTES - Red Blood Cells 2. LEUKOCYTES - White Blood Cells 3. THROMBOCYTES -Platelets

Question 11

What percentage of blood is made up of blood plasma?

Answer 11

55%

Question 12

What is blood plasma made up of?

Answer 12

1. Proteins 2. Water 3. Other Solutes: a. Electrolytes b.Nutrients c.Gases d.Regulatory Substances e.Waste products

Question 13

What percentage of blood does formed elements make up?

Answer 13

45%

Question 14

What different types of White Blood Cells are there?

Answer 14

1. Neutrophils 2. Lymphocytes 3. Monocytes 5. Eosinophils 6. Basophils NEVER LET MONKEYS EAT BANANAS

Question 15

Define Haematocrit

Answer 15

The percentage of red blood cells out of the total volume of blood

Question 16

Define Haematopoesis

Answer 16

Blood Cell Formation

Question 17

Where does Haematopoesis occur?

Answer 17

Red Bone Marrow: 1. Axial Skeleton and Girdles 2. Epiphysis of the humerus and femur

Question 18

What are Haematopoietic Growth Factors?

Answer 18

1.Erythropoietin - RBC’s 2. Thrombopoeitin - Platelets 3. Colony-stimulating Factors and interleukins - WBC’s

Question 19

What type of cells have the ability to develop into many different types of cells?

Answer 19

Pluripotent Stem Cells

Question 20

What are the characteristics of RBC’s?

Answer 20

1. Biconcave disc 2.Contains four oxygen-carrying proteins - Haemoglobin 3. Strong, flexible plasma membrane 4. Glycolipids in the plasma membrane are responsible for blood groups 5. Anucleate 6. Cannot synthesise new components 7. Life cycle 120 days

Question 21

What hormone stimulates RBC production and where is it produced?

Answer 21

1. Erythopoeitin 2. Kidneys

Question 22

What is the Erythropoetic process?

Answer 22

1. Homeostatic inbalance occurs causing drop in 02 levels in blood 2. Kidneys produce erythropoetin 3. erythropoetin stimulates red bone marrow 4. Red bone marrow increases RBC count 5. RBC means more oxygen is taken on, levelling out 02 levels in blood

Question 23

Define Haemostasis

Answer 23

A series of reactions with the aim of stopping blood loss

Question 24

What are characteristics of WBC’s?

Answer 24

• Do not contain haemoglobin
• Contain organelles, nucleus
• Live about 1-2 days except for lymphocytes which can live for months/years
• Far less numerous than RBC’s

Question 25

What are platelets and their characteristics?

Answer 25

• Myeloid stem cells develop into a megakaryocyte, which splinters into 2,000-3,000 fragments. Each fragment is enclosed in plasma membrane
• Contain certain organelles, but no nuleus
• Live 5-9 days
• Help to stop blood loss by forming platelet plugs