Respiratory Questions Flashcards
By What Mechanisms is Inhaled Air Warmed, Humidified, and Filtered as it Passes Through the Nasal Passages? How Do the Turbinates Aid These Processes?
The Nasal Meatus, and the Turbinates are Small, Scroll-Like Bones that Help Filtrate.
Describe How the Respiratory and Digestive Passageways “Switch Places” in the Pharynx.
The Respiratory Passageway Starts out Dorsally, then is Dorsal to the Digestive Passageway.
How do the Pharynx and Larynx Work Together Work Together to Keep Swallowed Material From Entering the Trachea? What Role Does the Epiglottis Play in that Process?
The Timing is Important, as the Pharynx Has to Stop Food from Processing, or the Larynx Has to Stop Breathing. The Epiglottis Covers the Larynx to Keep it Save from Food Falling in.
How is the Larynx Involved in the Straining Process that Aids Function Such as Defecation?
The Closure of the Glottis Helps, as it Provides Pressure and Stabilizes the Thorax. This Allows the Thorax to Compress the Abdominal Organ When they Contract.
Why are Hyaline Cartilage Rings Important to the Function of the Trachea?
The Hyaline Cartilage Rings Hold Open the Trachea.
Describe the Basic Structure of the Bronchial Tree in the Lung.
They Divide into Smaller and Smaller Passageways like a Tree.
How do the Physical Characteristic of the Alveoli and the Capillaries that Surround them Facilitate the Exchange of Gases Between the Air in the Alveoli and the Blood in the Capillaries?
The Alveoli have Simple Squamous Epithelium that Allows the Air in the Alveoli and the Blood in the Capillaries to Switch.
What is the Hilus of the Lung and Why is it Important?
This is Where the Air, Blood, Lymph, and Nerves Enter and Leave the Lung. It is the Only Area in the Lung that is “Fastened in Place.”
What is the Mediastinum and What Organs and Structures are Located There?
It is the Area Between the Lungs. It Contains Most of the Thoracic Contents like the Heart, Large Blood vessels, Nerves, Trachea, Esophagus, Lymphatic Vessels, and Lymph Nodes.
Which Main Pulmonary Blood Vessel Contains Bright Red, High-Oxygen Blood: The Pulmonary Artery or the Pulmonary Vein? Why?
The Pulmonary Vein, as the Pulmonary Artery Brings the Dark Red Blood with Very Little Oxygen. This One has a lot of Oxygen.
When a Piece of Lung From a Dead Newborn Animal is Dropped into Water, it sinks. What Conclusion Can Be Drawn About Whether the Newborn Animal Was Born Dead and never Breathed or Took Some Breaths Before Dying?
Oxygen Allows Things to Float, So the Animal Must Have Been Born Dead as there is No Oxygen to Allow the Lung to Float.
Why are Smooth Pleural Surfaces Important to the Process of Breathing?
So it is Easy For the Lungs to Slide Along the Thorax as it Enlarges.
Why is the Negative Intrathoracic Pressure Important to Breathing? What if it is Lost?
It Aids in Expiration, as the Pressure Pushes the Air Out. If i is Gone, the Vacuum is Gone and the Lung Will Collapse.
What are the Main Muscles of Inspiration? How Do They Cause Air to be Drawn into the Lungs?
The Muscles are the Diaphragm and the External Intercostal Muscles. They Both Increase the Thoracic Cavity for More Space.
What are the Main Muscles of Expiration? How do they Push Air out of the Lungs?
The Muscles are Internal Intercostal Muscles and Abdominal Muscles. They Both Contract to Decrease the Size of the Thorax.
