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Systems Phys 2022 > Respiratory Questions > Flashcards

Respiratory Questions Flashcards

1
Q

T or F: Lungs contains Ig quantities of elastic connective tissue

A

True

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2
Q

T or F: There are no muscles within the alveolar walls

A

True

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3
Q

T or F: The Pip is greater than the PA

A

False

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4
Q

T or F: Stretched lungs have a tendency to pull inward

A

True

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5
Q

T or F: During inspiration, the Pip increases

A

False

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6
Q

What condition is characterized by air entering the pleural space?

A

Pneumothorax

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7
Q

What condition is characterized by lungs collapsing to its unstretched size?

A

Atelectasis

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8
Q

What condition refers to an inflammation of the pleural sacs?

A

Pleurisy

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9
Q

Do respiratory muscles act directly on lungs?

A

no, the lungs and thoracic wall are linked

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10
Q

Does movement of air cause lung expansion?

A

Yes; expand lungs and then air moves in

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11
Q

What is the driving pressure for airflow into the lungs?

A

drop in alveolar pressure

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12
Q

What initially created the driving pressure of airflow into the lungs?

A

expanding the chest wall

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13
Q

Why does alveolar pressure decrease and then swing back up, but pleural pressure decreases continuously during inspiration?

A

Pleural pressure continues to decrease because it is a closed compartment → pressure will stay really negative until it returns to original confirmation

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14
Q

What type of airflow causes breath sounds heard with a stethoscope?

A

turbulent airflow

laminar airflow is silent

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15
Q

Where is the chief site of airway resistance?

A

medium sized bronchi have the highest resistance

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16
Q

Why do medium sized bronchi have the highest resistance?

A

Large airways: turbulent flow but large radius

Small airways: small radius but vast X-sectional area (and in parallel), so contribute little to total resistance

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17
Q

T or F: The maximum amount of air male lungs can hold is 4.2 L

A

False → they can hold 6.0 L

18
Q

T or F: The lungs still contain ~ 2,400 mL of air at the end of normal quiet expiration

A

true

19
Q

T or F: the work of breathing may be increased when lung compliance is increased

A

true

20
Q

T or F: surface area is reduced in emphysema

A

true

21
Q

VC + RV = ?

A

TLC

22
Q

Volume of air that can be maximally inspired above typical TV

A

FEV1

23
Q

The extra volume of air that can be maximally inspired above typical TV

A

IRV

24
Q

The volume of air in the lungs at the end of a normal passive expiration

A

FRC

25
Q

TV + IRV + ERV =?

A

VC

26
Q

Volume of air that can be inspired at the end of a normal expiration

A

IC

27
Q

Volume of air entering or leaving the lungs in a single breath during quiet breathing

A

TV

28
Q

T or F: Alveolar ventilation is best increased by increasing respiratory rate

A

False; best increased by increasing tidal volume

29
Q

T or F: a gas always diffuses down its partial pressure gradient

A

true

30
Q

T or F: hypercapnia refers to excess CO2 in the arterial blood that is caused by hypoventilation

A

true

31
Q

T or F: the volume of air that remains in the conducting pathways, and thus not available for gas exchange, is known as alveolar dead space

A

False; it is anatomic dead space

32
Q

The pressure exerted by the weight of the air in the atmosphere on objects on the earth’s surface

A

Atmospheric pressure

33
Q

How much effort is required to stretch or distend the lungs

A

Compliance

34
Q

The pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related

A

Boyle’s Law

35
Q

The magnitude of the inwardly directed collapsing pressure directly proportional to the surface tension and inversely proportional to the radius of the bubble

A

LaPlace’s Law

the smaller the alveoli the more they want to collapse

36
Q

On one visit, a patient has a PaO2 of 85 mmHg, an SaO2 of 98%, and a hemoglobin of 14 gm/dl. One year later, her hemoglobin is 7 gm/dl. Assuming no lung disease, what will her new PaO2, SaO2, and CaO2?

A

PaO2 unchanged, SaO2 unchanged, CaO2 reduced

37
Q

What is the relationship between PO2 and saturation?

A

PO2 effects saturation

saturation does not effect PO2

38
Q

Which patient is more hypoxemic (total O2)?

Patient A: PaO2 85 mmHg, SaO2 95%, Hb 7 gm%

Patient B: PaO2 55 mmHg, SaO2 85%, Hb 15 gm%

A

Patient A: PaO2 85 mmHg, SaO2 95%, Hb 7 gm%

39
Q

In which of the following states would the the oxygen content of the trachea (O2 = 150, CO2 = 0) resemble the oxygen content int he affected alveoli?

A

Pulmonary embolism

because no blood flow

40
Q

Which of the following causes of arterial hypoxemia is NOT associated with an increase in the alveolar - arterial (A-a) O2 gradient?

A

Hypoventilation

Systems Phys 2022 (25 decks)

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