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zzzPHARMACOLOGY > Respiratory Pharma > Flashcards

Respiratory Pharma Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of salbutamol

A

stimulates adenylyl cyclase

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2
Q

MOA of theophylline

A

blocks adenosine

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3
Q

MOA of ipratropium

A

antimuscarinic

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4
Q

MOA of montelukast

A

blocks LTD4 receptor

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5
Q

MOA of cromoglycate

A

mast cell stabilizer

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6
Q

anti asthma drug best for quick relief of airway obstruction in acute asthma exacerbations with the greatest margin of safety… epinephrine, salbutamol, theophylline, or ipratropium

A

salbutamol

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7
Q

why is SABA and LABA not suitable as monotherapy drugs for asthma

A

because b2 agonists lang sila.. they do not have anti-inflammatory properties

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8
Q

the FDC SABA + ipratropium exhibits this type of drug interation

A

addition

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9
Q

bronchodilator of choice for patients with COPD and patients with poorly controlled asthma on high dose ICS-LABA

A

Tiotropium

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10
Q

which anti asthma drug possesses both bronchodilator and anti inflammatory properties… formoterol, montelukast, theophylline, or ipratropium

A

theophylline

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11
Q

administration of which of the following substance can enhance clearacne of theophylline: nicotine, grapefruit juice, macrolifes, or cimetidine

A

nicotine (smoke)

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12
Q

this add-on tyherapy to ICS LABA can be given to patients with “one airway disease”

A

montelukast. one airway disease pertains to patients with both AR and bronchial asthma

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13
Q

best anti asthma drug to reduce bronchial hyperreactivity of persistent asthma

A

ICS

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14
Q

the general safety of inhaled corticosteroid is due to what pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic property?

A

systemically absorbed ICS undergo 1st pass effect in the liver

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15
Q

FDC LABA + ICS exhibits this type of drug interaction

A

synergism. LABA enhances ICS deposition in the airway, ICS prevents dowregulation of B2 receptors

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16
Q

the ff steroid preparation is a pro drug. it’s C-11 ketone needs to be hydroxylated in the liver before it becomes active…. prednisone, prednisolone, methylprednisolone, or dexamethasone

A

prednisone

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17
Q

the renal excretion of the ff electrolytes are enhanced by corticosteroid except…. sodium , potassium, hydrogen, or calcium…

A

sodium (Na). may sodium retaning property kasi ang corticosteroids kaya nga nagkaka mineralocorticoid chorla effect siya chenes

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18
Q

effect of corticosteroid on neutrophils

A

it will increase the number of neutrophils (via demargination of neutrophils from the blood vessel wall )

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19
Q

the most potent mineralocorticosteroid recommended in the treatment of salt losing adrenogenital syndrome

A

fludrocortisone

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20
Q

in adopting “Every other day” steroid therapy for persistent severe asthma, which of the following is most suitable for long term use……. hydrocortisone, prednisone, dexamethasone , or fludrocortisone

A

prednisone

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21
Q

in the long term treatment with prednisone, it is best to give it at this time of day to minimize adverse effects…. 6-8am, 12 noon, 3pm, or 6-8pm

A

6-8am

22
Q

anti asthma drug that is both a bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory

A

methylxanthines (aminophylline, theophylline)

23
Q

anti-asthma drugs that are bronchodilators

A

catecholamines, b2 agonist, anticholinergics, methylxanthines

24
Q

anti-asthma drugs that are anti-inflammatory

A

corticosteroids, leukotriene antagonists, mast cell stabilizer, methylxanthine, anti-igE

25
Q

anti asthma: example of SABA

A

Salbutamol, terbutaline

26
Q

anti asthma: example of LABA

A

salmeterol, formoterol

27
Q

anti asthma: example of anticholinergics

A

ipratropium, tiotropium

28
Q

anti asthma: example of methylxanthine

A

theophylline, aminophylline

29
Q

anti asthma: example of systemic corticosteroids

A

hydrocortisone, prednisone, methylprednisone

30
Q

anti asthma: example of inhaled corticosteroids

A

beclomethasone, budesonide, fluticasone

31
Q

anti asthma: example of leukotriene antagonists

A

montelukast

32
Q

anti asthma: example of mast cell stabilizer

A

sodium cromoglycate, cromolyn, nedocromil

33
Q

anti asthma: example of anti-IgE

A

Omalizumab

34
Q

only LABA that can be used as a reliever medication

A

Formoterol

35
Q

drug to give in cases of severe asthma not responding to inhalational agents

A

epinephrine

36
Q

what anticholinergic agent for asthma is M3 selective

A

tiotropium

37
Q

in using this anti asthma drug, careful monitoring should be done because of its narrow therapeutic index (therapeutic range of 5-15ug/ml)

A

Methylxanthines (theophylline, aminophylline)

38
Q

this anti asthma drug is also indicated for apnea of prematurity

A

theophylline

39
Q

herbal medicine endorsed by DOH that is effective against asthma. it has Chrysophenol D which posses anti histamine and muscle relaxant properties. It also prevents LT production

A

lagundi (Vitex negundo)

40
Q

this antiasthma drug can cause oral candidiasis and throat irritation

A

inhaled corticosteroids

41
Q

anti asthma drug that can be used as controller/maintenance on all levels of persistent asthma

A

ICS

42
Q

2nd best controller drug for asthma (next to inhaled CS)

A

montelukast

43
Q

this anti asthma drugs inhibits 5 lipooxygenase of the arachidonic pathway

A

Montelukast (leukotriene antagonist)

44
Q

this anti asthma drug is best for those with aspirin / NSAID induced asthma

A

Montelukast (bc it inhibits lipooxygenase … part siya ng arachidonic shit pathway)

45
Q

this anti asthma drug is an H1 receptor antagonist and membrane stabilizer inhibiting cellular degranulation and histamine release

A

Ketotifen

46
Q

corticosteroids that are short acting vs long acting vs intermediate acting

A

short acting: cortisol, cortisone…

long acting: beta/dexamethasone

intermediate: the rest

**fludrocortisone - no classification

47
Q

“equivalent dose” of cortisol and cortisone vs prednisone and prednisolone

A

cortisol and cortisone = 20

prednisone and prednisolone = 5

48
Q

“equivalent dose” of prednisolone vs methylprednisolone and triamcinolone

A 
prednisolone = 5
methlypred = 4
triamcinolone = 4
49
Q

“equivalent dose” beta and dexamethasone

A

0.75

50
Q

true or false,… high dose of CS tx of <1-2 weeks is unlikely to cause HPA axis suppression.

A

True

51
Q

in chronic steroid therapy, these steroids should be used

A

short or intermediate acting steroids lang dapat. Short acting (cortisol and cortisone).. intermediate acting (prenisone, prednisolone, methylpred)

zzzPHARMACOLOGY (10 decks)

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