Respiratory Pharma Flashcards
MOA of salbutamol
stimulates adenylyl cyclase
MOA of theophylline
blocks adenosine
MOA of ipratropium
antimuscarinic
MOA of montelukast
blocks LTD4 receptor
MOA of cromoglycate
mast cell stabilizer
anti asthma drug best for quick relief of airway obstruction in acute asthma exacerbations with the greatest margin of safety… epinephrine, salbutamol, theophylline, or ipratropium
salbutamol
why is SABA and LABA not suitable as monotherapy drugs for asthma
because b2 agonists lang sila.. they do not have anti-inflammatory properties
the FDC SABA + ipratropium exhibits this type of drug interation
addition
bronchodilator of choice for patients with COPD and patients with poorly controlled asthma on high dose ICS-LABA
Tiotropium
which anti asthma drug possesses both bronchodilator and anti inflammatory properties… formoterol, montelukast, theophylline, or ipratropium
theophylline
administration of which of the following substance can enhance clearacne of theophylline: nicotine, grapefruit juice, macrolifes, or cimetidine
nicotine (smoke)
this add-on tyherapy to ICS LABA can be given to patients with “one airway disease”
montelukast. one airway disease pertains to patients with both AR and bronchial asthma
best anti asthma drug to reduce bronchial hyperreactivity of persistent asthma
ICS
the general safety of inhaled corticosteroid is due to what pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic property?
systemically absorbed ICS undergo 1st pass effect in the liver
FDC LABA + ICS exhibits this type of drug interaction
synergism. LABA enhances ICS deposition in the airway, ICS prevents dowregulation of B2 receptors
the ff steroid preparation is a pro drug. it’s C-11 ketone needs to be hydroxylated in the liver before it becomes active…. prednisone, prednisolone, methylprednisolone, or dexamethasone
prednisone
the renal excretion of the ff electrolytes are enhanced by corticosteroid except…. sodium , potassium, hydrogen, or calcium…
sodium (Na). may sodium retaning property kasi ang corticosteroids kaya nga nagkaka mineralocorticoid chorla effect siya chenes
effect of corticosteroid on neutrophils
it will increase the number of neutrophils (via demargination of neutrophils from the blood vessel wall )
the most potent mineralocorticosteroid recommended in the treatment of salt losing adrenogenital syndrome
fludrocortisone
in adopting “Every other day” steroid therapy for persistent severe asthma, which of the following is most suitable for long term use……. hydrocortisone, prednisone, dexamethasone , or fludrocortisone
prednisone
in the long term treatment with prednisone, it is best to give it at this time of day to minimize adverse effects…. 6-8am, 12 noon, 3pm, or 6-8pm
6-8am
anti asthma drug that is both a bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory
methylxanthines (aminophylline, theophylline)
anti-asthma drugs that are bronchodilators
catecholamines, b2 agonist, anticholinergics, methylxanthines
anti-asthma drugs that are anti-inflammatory
corticosteroids, leukotriene antagonists, mast cell stabilizer, methylxanthine, anti-igE
anti asthma: example of SABA
Salbutamol, terbutaline
anti asthma: example of LABA
salmeterol, formoterol
anti asthma: example of anticholinergics
ipratropium, tiotropium
anti asthma: example of methylxanthine
theophylline, aminophylline
anti asthma: example of systemic corticosteroids
hydrocortisone, prednisone, methylprednisone
anti asthma: example of inhaled corticosteroids
beclomethasone, budesonide, fluticasone
anti asthma: example of leukotriene antagonists
montelukast
anti asthma: example of mast cell stabilizer
sodium cromoglycate, cromolyn, nedocromil
anti asthma: example of anti-IgE
Omalizumab
only LABA that can be used as a reliever medication
Formoterol
drug to give in cases of severe asthma not responding to inhalational agents
epinephrine
what anticholinergic agent for asthma is M3 selective
tiotropium
in using this anti asthma drug, careful monitoring should be done because of its narrow therapeutic index (therapeutic range of 5-15ug/ml)
Methylxanthines (theophylline, aminophylline)
this anti asthma drug is also indicated for apnea of prematurity
theophylline
herbal medicine endorsed by DOH that is effective against asthma. it has Chrysophenol D which posses anti histamine and muscle relaxant properties. It also prevents LT production
lagundi (Vitex negundo)
this antiasthma drug can cause oral candidiasis and throat irritation
inhaled corticosteroids
anti asthma drug that can be used as controller/maintenance on all levels of persistent asthma
ICS
2nd best controller drug for asthma (next to inhaled CS)
montelukast
this anti asthma drugs inhibits 5 lipooxygenase of the arachidonic pathway
Montelukast (leukotriene antagonist)
this anti asthma drug is best for those with aspirin / NSAID induced asthma
Montelukast (bc it inhibits lipooxygenase … part siya ng arachidonic shit pathway)
this anti asthma drug is an H1 receptor antagonist and membrane stabilizer inhibiting cellular degranulation and histamine release
Ketotifen
corticosteroids that are short acting vs long acting vs intermediate acting
short acting: cortisol, cortisone…
long acting: beta/dexamethasone
intermediate: the rest
**fludrocortisone - no classification
“equivalent dose” of cortisol and cortisone vs prednisone and prednisolone
cortisol and cortisone = 20
prednisone and prednisolone = 5
“equivalent dose” of prednisolone vs methylprednisolone and triamcinolone
prednisolone = 5 methlypred = 4 triamcinolone = 4
“equivalent dose” beta and dexamethasone
0.75
true or false,… high dose of CS tx of <1-2 weeks is unlikely to cause HPA axis suppression.
True
in chronic steroid therapy, these steroids should be used
short or intermediate acting steroids lang dapat. Short acting (cortisol and cortisone).. intermediate acting (prenisone, prednisolone, methylpred)
