Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AMC MCQ - You Can Do It!!!!!❤️❤️ > Respiratory Medicine > Flashcards

Respiratory Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Normal pH

A

7.35-7.45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Normal PaO2

A

75-100 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Normal PaCO2

A

35-45 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Normal HCO3

A

22-26 meq/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Unprocessed raw cotton + bacterial endotoxin

A

Byssinosis
doesn’t cause COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

FEV1/FVC ratio

A

0.75-0.85

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

List of restrictive diseases

A
  • pulmonary fibrosis
  • pneumothorax
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

List of obstructive diseases

A
  • asthma
  • COPD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

FEV1/FVC ratio > 0.85

A

Restrictive airway disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.75

A

Obstructive airway disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Residual lung volume increased

A

obstructive disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Residual lung volume decreased

A

restrictive disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CURB-65 Score

A

– Confusion of new onset.
– Urea greater than 7 mmol/l.
– Respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute or higher.
– Blood pressure less than 90 mmHg systolic or diastolic blood pressure 60 mmHg
or less.
– Age 65 or older

CURB-65 score equal or >3, an
inpatient treatment for community acquired pneumonia is necessary.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Difference between crackles associated with alveolar fluid vs interstitial lung disease

A

Egophony

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

(fever, malaise, cough + acute SOB + bilateral crackles + asymptomatic between exacerbations

A

hypersensitivity pneumonitis (alveolitis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

dyspnea + cough + fever + productive sputum +
occasionally pleuritic chest pain

A

pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Treatment for community acquired pneumonia

A

IV benzyl penicillin and azithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

periodontal disease + cough + foul-smelling sputum + immobilised (hiatal, post-op)

A

Aspiration pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Aspiration pneumonia pathogen

A

oral streptococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Aspiration pneumonia treatment

A

1st line: ampicillin-sulbactam (1.5 to 3 g IV ampicillin-sulbactam (1.5 to 3 g IV every 6 hours)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

abdominal / trans-thoracic procedure post-op + cough and fever + within 48 hours

A

Postoperative atelectasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Postoperative atelectasis management

A
  1. Removal of impacted secretions by coughing, managed by physiotherapists, and involves active chest percussion and breathing exercises.
    2, oxygen supplementation
  2. Passive postural drainage.
  3. bronchoscopy if px still hypoxic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cough + mucopurulent sputum lasting for months to years + finger clubbing

A

bronchiectasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Bronchiectasis investigation of choice

A

High-res CT

25
Bronchiectasis treatment
IV ticarcillin-clavulanate
26
latent tuberculosis (LTB) treatment
Isoniazid (5mg/kg up to a maximum 300mg daily) for 9 months
27
middle/older age + high grade fever + dry cough + severe headache + diarrhoea/vomiting/confusion + hyponatremia + deranged liver function tests
Legionnaires disease
28
recurrent asthma exacerbations + patchy opacities + central bronchiectasis + eosinophilia+ elevated immunoglobulin E
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
29
clubbing of nails can be found in
– Cystic fibrosis. – Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. – Lung cancer – Interstitial lung disease
30
IV drug abuse + dyspnoea + bilateral pleuritic chest pain + multiple partners sex hx + hypoxemic
Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
31
smoker + pulmonary nodule + hypercalcemia (increased thirst, abdominal pain, constipation, and polyuria)
squamous cell carcinoma
32
pigmentation of skin + lung mass + hypokalaemia + hirsutism
Small cell lung carcinoma -Ectopic production of adrenal corticotropin (ACTH)
33
X-ray pleural thickening + significant weight loss + plural effusion
mesothlioma
34
Small cell lung carcinoma complication
Ectopic production of ACTH can lead to Cushing's syndrome - hypokalaemia
35
Small cell lung carcinoma treatment
chemotherapy and radiation
36
cough + weight loss + lung nodule in X-ray
adenocarcinoma
37
adenocarcinoma investigation
FNAC gold standard
38
superior vena cava syndrome investigation
chest CT angiogram
39
Most common causes pulmonary hypertension and cor-pulmonale
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Emphysema
40
Types of asthma
mild: moderate: severe:
41
Asthma causes
emotional changes gord allergies pregnancy occupational hazards dust mites
42
Exercised induced asthma management
Cromolyn
43
physical symptoms that are not indicated in assessing severe asthma
- wheezing - respiratory rate
44
4 hallmark indicators of severe asthma
altered mental state +effort on breathing + struggling to talk + <94% oxygen saturation
45
role of oral steroids in asthma
can only be used in exacerbation, not for long term prolonged use of oral steroids (prednisolone): - Cushing syndrome, - osteoporosis, - immunosuppression
46
Asthma dx
triad: dyspnoea + wheeze + cough fev1/fevc ratio < 75 PEF: improvement in fev1 more > 12% after medication (salbutamol) - prolonged expiration - resonant - expiratory wheeze respiratory acidosis
47
best bed-side measure to assess the severity of asthma
Use of accessory muscles upon inspiration
48
pleural fluid analysis
- pH always below 7.30 - Pleural/serum protein ratio greater than 0.5 - Pleural/Serum lactic dehydrogenase ratio of greater than 0.6 - Glucose concentration (30-50 mg/dL) - Bloody pleural fluid is strongly suggestive of malignancy
49
High altitude pulmonary oedema caese
Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction
50
family hx of emphysema/liver disease + + weight loss, + jaundice + dyspnoea
Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency
51
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) treatment
Antifibrotic therapy
52
black + 20-30 years + erythema nodosum + arthritis + hilar lymphadenopathy
Sarcoidosis Lofgren syndrome
53
black + 20-30 years + fever + parotid gland enlargement + uveitis + facial palsy
Sarcoidosis
54
pneumothorax in the absence of trauma and no history of lung disease
Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP)
55
Pneumothorax as well as other lung disease
Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP)
56
Pneumothorax management
PSP < 15%: observation PSP > 15%: needle aspiration SSP: mechanical ventilation (can't put needle into an already damaged lung) Symptomatic SSP: Catheter drainage/water sealed thorcostomy
57
Most common finding in plural effusion
Dyspnoea
58
Most effective preventative therapy for asthma
ICS - fluticasone - beclomethasone - budesonide Montelukast if ICS contraindicated NOTE: Montelukast is associated with nightmares in children
59
when to add preventer
using preventer if they use salbutamol more than 3x week

AMC MCQ - You Can Do It!!!!!❤️❤️ (50 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions