Respiratory - Infectious Diseases

Question 1

features of pneumonia?

Answer 1

fever
cough
pleurisy
haemoptysis
SOB
malaise
confusion

Question 2

rusty productive cough cause?

Answer 2

pneumococcal

Question 3

red productive cough cause?

Answer 3

klebsiella

Question 4

green productive cough cause?

Answer 4

pseudomonas

Question 5

smelly productive cough cause?

Answer 5

haemophilus

Question 6

common organisms causing pneumonia?

Answer 6

strep pneumoniae

haemophilus

Question 7

who does pseudomonas usually infect?

Answer 7

underlying lung disease

Question 8

who does klebsiella usually infect?

Answer 8

aspiration

Question 9

who does legionella usually infect?

Answer 9

colonises stagnant water tanks

Question 10

where does coxiella and chlamydia come from?

Answer 10

sheep

birds

Question 11

who does pneumocystis usually infect?

Answer 11

immunocompromised/suppressed

Question 12

investigations for pneumonia?

Answer 12

CXR
blood culture
ABG
FBC, U+Es, LFTs

Question 13

what does CURB65 stand for?

Answer 13

Confusion
Urea >7
RR >30
BP systolic <90, diastolic <60
>65 yrs

Question 14

treatment for CAP?

Answer 14

0-1 amox for 5 days

>2 co amox + doxy for 7 days

Question 15

treatment for HAP?

Answer 15

amox 5 days

severe: amox + gent 7 days

Question 16

treatment for aspiration pneumonia?

Answer 16

amox + gent (+ met if severe)

Question 17

what pneumonia vaccine exists? who gets it?

Answer 17

pneumococcal
babies and >65yrs
long term health condition sufferers

Question 18

how does TB spread?

Answer 18

inhaled droplets from an infected person

Question 19

what does latent TB mean?

Answer 19

patient is infected
not usually contagious
may have no symptoms

Question 20

investigations for TB?

Answer 20

sputum culture (ziehl neelsen staining for acid fast bacilli)
CXR
tuberculin skin test

Question 21

treatment of active TB?

Answer 21

2 RIPE

4 RI

Question 22

treatment of latent TB?

Answer 22

3 RI OR 6 months I

Question 23

what is an empyema?

Answer 23

collection of pus in the pleural space

Question 24

what TB does the BCG protect?

Answer 24

meningitis and disseminated (not pulmonary)

Question 25

side effects of rifampicin?

Answer 25

orange urine
monitor LFTs (P450 inducer)

Question 26

side effects of isoniazid?

Answer 26

peripheral neuropathy

Question 27

side effects of pyrazinamide?

Answer 27

hepatitis
arthralgia
GOUT (hyperuricaemia)

Question 28

side effects of ethambutol?

Answer 28

optic neuritis (colour vision loss)
monitor U+Es

Question 29

features of TB?

Answer 29

cough 
malaise
weight loss
night sweats
haemoptysis

Question 30

where else can TB affect?

Answer 30

GU
bone (pott's vertebra)
peritoneal
meningitis
skin (lupus vulgaris)

Question 31

CXR features of TB?

Answer 31

hilar lymphadenopathy
cavitation
opacities in the upper lobes

Question 32

Tx for mycoplasma?

Answer 32

clarithromycin

Question 33

Tx for legionella?

Answer 33

ciprofloxacin

Question 34

Tx for PCP?

Answer 34

co trim