Renal - Glomerulonephritides Flashcards
what are the triad of features involved in nephrotic syndrome?
proteinuria
hypoalbuminaemia
oedema
what are podocytes?
cells in the bowman’s capsule that make a lining that filters blood
why can people be prothrombotic in nephrotic syndrome?
antithrombotic factors lost through urine
in nephrotic syndrome, what other abnormal blood result can occur?
hyperlipidaemia
causes of primary nephrotic syndrome?
FSGS
minimal change
membranous
causes of secondary nephrotic syndrome?
hepatitis B/C SLE diabetic nephropathy amyloidosis HIV
what drugs can cause a secondary nephrotic syndrome?
NSAIDs
penicillin
anti TNF
gold
what is the triad of symptoms in nephritic syndrome?
oliguria
hypertension/oedema
active urinary sediment
in nephritic syndrome, what can urinary sediment consist of?
haematuria
proteinuria
RBC
casts
pathology of nephritic syndrome?
damage to endothelium
proliferative lesion results
red and inflammatory cells leak out in urine
causes of nephritic syndrome?
post strep
IgA nephropathy
rapidly progressive
out of anti anti GBM, GPA, eGPA and MPA - which are their related ‘ANCA’?
anti GBM - ANCE -ve
GPA - cANCA +ve
MPA- pANCA +ve
eGPA - pANCA
Ix for glomerulonephritis?
urinalysis
urine protein electrophoresis
renal biopsy
who does minimal change most commonly affect?
children
if the biopsy showed abnormal podocyte foot processes, what would the most likely diagnosis be?
minimal change (nephrotic)
