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My Respiratory > Respiratory Histology > Flashcards

Respiratory Histology Flashcards

1
Q

Which structures comprise the conducting portion of the respiratory system

A 
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
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2
Q

Which structures comprise the respiratory portion of the respiratory system

A

Respiratory bronchioles
alveolar sacs
alveoli

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3
Q

Functions of the conducting portion of the respiratory system

A

Deliver air to respiratory portion

clean/filter air

moisten air

adjust air temp

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4
Q

Which structure does the filtration of inspired air

A

Vibrissae ( and mucociliary action

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5
Q

What moistens inspired air

A

humidity from mucus & blood vessels

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6
Q

What adjusts air temperature

A

exchange to/from blood vessels

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7
Q

What are the four layer of the conduction portion of the respiratory system

A

lining epithelium

connective tissue

supporting tissue

muscles

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8
Q

What kind of epithelium is in the conduction portion of the respiratory system

A

Pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelial cells

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9
Q

Apart from epithelial cells, which other type of cells are in the lining epithelium of the conduction portion of the respiratory system

A

Goblet cells

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10
Q

Immune cells are located in which layer of the conducting portion of the respiratory track

A

Lamina propria of the connective tissue

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11
Q

What are the types of supporting tissue in the conducting portion of the supporting tissue

A

Bone
cartilage
elastic fibers

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12
Q

What can cause the mucociliary clearance in the respiratory system be ineffective

A

Infections or damage to the endothelium

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13
Q

What kind of epithelium is in the anterior of the nasal cavity

A

Keratinized stratified Squamous

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14
Q

What kind of epithelium is in the posterior of the nasal cavity

A

Respiratory epithelium (pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium)

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15
Q

What kind of epithelium is in the roof of the nasal cavity

A

olfactory epithelium

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16
Q

Which part of the nasal cavity contain vibrissae

A

Anterior (vestibule)

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17
Q

Apart from the roof of the nose, which other area has olfactory epithelium

A

Part of the superior concha

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18
Q

To be able to have regeneration of the sense of smell, stem cells in which nasal cavity epithelium proliferates

A

Olfactory epithelium

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19
Q

What are the 3 divisions of the pharynx

A

•Nasopharynx •Oropharynx •Laryngopharynx

20
Q

Which part of the pharynx has stratified squamos epithelium

A

Oropharynx

21
Q

Which type of epithelium does the larynx have

A

Respiratory epithelium Stratified squamous non keratinized

22
Q

What kind of supportive tissue does the larynx have

A

Cartilage

23
Q

What kind of muscle is found in the core of the vocal cord and what is it’s name

A

Skeletal muscle (vocalis muscle)

24
Q

What kind of epithelium does the vocal cords have

A

stratified sqamous non-k epithelium

25
Q

The trachealis muscle separates which two structures

A

Esophagus and trachea

26
Q

What kind of epithelium does the trachea have

A

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

27
Q

What kind of supportive tissues does the trachea have

A

hyaline cartilage

28
Q

the seromucus glands of the trachea are in which layer

A

Submucosa

29
Q

What are the 4 components of tracheal epithelium

A

1-Ciliated columnar cells

2-Mucus (Goblet) cells

3-Basal cells

4-Brush cells

5-Small granule (kulchitsky) cells

30
Q

Which cells are neuro-endocrine cells found in trachea epithelium

A

Kulchitsky cells

31
Q

Which cells in the tracheal epithelium act as sensory receptrs

A

Brush cells

32
Q

What are the differences going from bronchus to bronchioles

A

Thinner

no cartilage

no mucus glands

Epithelial cells change from pseudostratified ciliated columnar to ciliated cuboidal cells,

Prescence of Club/Clara cell

33
Q

Which cells in the conducting portion of the respiratory system have non-ciliated rounded or dome-shaped apical surface projection

A

Clara (club) cells

34
Q

Which cells secrete a surface-active agent, a lipoprotein that prevents luminal adhesion

A

Clara (club) cells

35
Q

True or false:

the height of epithelium increases as you move from conducting to respiratory portion of the respiratory system

A

False, the height decreases

36
Q

Which structures are part of the respiratory portion of the respiratory system

A

Respiratory bronchioles

Alveolar ducts/sacs

Alveoli

37
Q

Pores of Kohn are present in which structure

A

Alveoli

38
Q

What are the two types of pneumocytes

A

Type I alveolar cells

Type II alveolar cells

39
Q

What kind of epithelium covers Type I pneumocytes

A

very flat squamous epithelial cells

40
Q

What is the main constituent of surfactant

A

Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)

41
Q

Which cells are the progenitor cells for Type I pneomocytes

A

Type II pneumocytes

42
Q

Which pneumocyte has microvilli and lamellar bodies

A

Type II

43
Q

What does the interalveolar septum consist of

A

scattered fibroblasts and macrophages

  1. sparse extracellular matrix (ECM)
  2. elastic and reticular fibers (collagen) of connective tissue
44
Q

Reticular fibers in the alveoli prevent what

A

collapse and excessive distention of alveol

45
Q

True or false:

interalveolar septa are vascularized with a rich capillary network.

A

True

46
Q

What is the blood air barrier comprised of

A
  1. the attenuated endothelial cell of the capillary,
  2. the two combined basal laminae,
  3. the attenuated type I pneumocyte,
  4. and the surfactant and fluid coating of the alveolus

My Respiratory (11 decks)

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