Anatomy of Nasal Cavity & Paranasal Sinuses

Question 1

What is the superior extended part of the alimentary canal called

Answer 1

Pharynx

Question 2

What is the extent of the pharynx

Answer 2

Extends from base of the skull to the inferior border of cricoid cartilage (level of the 6th cervical vertebra

Question 3

What are the three divisions of the pharynx

Answer 3

Naso-pharynx
Oro-pharynx
Laryngo-pharynx

Question 4

What is the approximate length of the pharynx

Answer 4

12 to 14cm

Question 5

What is the approximate width of the pharynx

Answer 5

max. 5cm

min. 1.5

Question 6

What constitutes the bony part of the nose

Answer 6

Nasal bone

frontal process of maxilla

nasal notch of frontal bone

Question 7

What is another name for the lower lateral nasal cartilage

Answer 7

alar cartilage

Question 8

The septum of the nose consists of (bone or cartilage)

Answer 8

Cartilage

Question 9

Which branch of the ophthalmic artery supplies the nose

Answer 9

dorsal nasal branch

Question 10

Which branch of the maxillary artery supplies the nose

Answer 10

infra-orbital branch

Question 11

Which branch of the facial artery supplies the nose

Answer 11

alar and septal branches

Question 12

which branch of the opthalmic nerve supplies the nose

Answer 12

External nasal and infra-trochlear branches

Question 13

Which branch of the maxillary nerve

Answer 13

infra orbital

Question 14

The nose extends from which structure to which structure (anterior to posterior)

Answer 14

anterior nares (nostrils) to the posterior aperture (choanae)

Question 15

What is the choana made up of (bone or cartilage)

Answer 15

Bones

Question 16

Choana is present between which structures

Answer 16

vomer (medial pterygoid body of the sphenoid) and the hard palate

Question 17

Which structure close to the anterior nares is lined by skin and hair

Answer 17

vestibule

Question 18

What are the three divisions of the roof of the nasal cavity

Answer 18

Fronto-nasal (anterior)

Ethmoidal (intermediate)

Spenoidal (posterior)

Question 19

What form the floor of the nasal cavity

Answer 19

Hard palate

Question 20

True or false

the nasal septum is often deflected from median plane

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What are the principal bony parts of the nasal septum

Answer 21

Vomer and perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone

Question 22

Apart from the septal cartilage, which other cartilage can be found in the nasal septum

Answer 22

Vomero-nasal organ (organ of Jacobson)

Question 23

What is the purpose of the nasal conchae and how many are there

Answer 23

Humidify air and increase surface area

there are 3

Question 24

what is the space underneath each conchae called

Answer 24

A meatus

Question 25

where in the nasal cavity is the naso-lacrimal duct is present

Answer 25

anterior of inferior meatus

Question 26

Which structures are present in the middle meatus

Answer 26

Bulla ethmoidalis and Hiatus semilunaris

Question 27

The opening of which air sinus is present in the bulla ethmoidalis

Answer 27

middle ethmoidal air sinus

Question 28

The opening of which air sinus is present in the hiatus semilunaris (not the anterior part)

Answer 28

maxillary air sinus

Question 29

The opening of which air sinus is present in the anterior part of the hiatus semilunaris

Answer 29

anterior ethmoidal and frontal air sinus

Question 30

The opening of which air sinus is present in the meatus

Answer 30

posterior ethmoidal air sinus

Question 31

Which recess in present above and behind superior concha

Answer 31

spheno-ethmoidal recess

Question 32

Which structure contains the opening of the sphenoidal air sinus

Answer 32

spheno-ethmoidal recess

Question 33

Which branches of the ophthalmic artery supplies the medial and lateral wall of the nasal cavity

Answer 33

anterior and posterior ethmoidal branches

Question 34

Which branches of the maxillary artery supplies the medial and lateral wall of the nasal cavity

Answer 34

spheno-palatine and greater palatine branches

Question 35

Which branche of the facial artery supplies the medial and lateral wall of the nasal cavity

Answer 35

septal branches of superior labial branch

Question 36

The arterial supply of the medial and lateral wall of the nasal cavity forms a highly vascularized area called what

Answer 36

LITTLE’S area of epistaxis (kiesslbach’s plexus)

Question 37

Which nerve provides special sensation for the nasal cavity

Answer 37

olfactory nerve

Question 38

Which nerves provide general sensation for the nasal cavity

Answer 38

Anterior ethmoidal nerve (V1) Anterior superior alveolar nerve (V2) Medial and lateral posterior superior nasal branches from pterygopalatine ganglion (V2) Nasal branches from greater palatine nerve from pterygopalatine ganglion(V2)

Question 39

Which veins drains the anterior of the nasal cavity

Answer 39

Facial vein

Question 40

Which veins drains the posterior of the nasal cavity

Answer 40

Retro-pharyngeal and pterygoid venous plexus

Question 41

Which veins drains the roof of the nasal cavity

Answer 41

inferior cerebral vein

Question 42

Which lymph nodes drain the front of the nasal cavity

Answer 42

submandibular lymph nodes

Question 43

Which lymph nodes drain the posterior of the nasal cavity

Answer 43

retropharyngeal and upper deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 44

Which lymph nodes drain the roof of the nasal cavity

Answer 44

CSF of sub-arachnoid space

Question 45

What are the four main groups of nasal sinuses

Answer 45

frontal, maxillary, sphenoidal and ethmoidal

Question 46

What are the functions of the nasal sinuses

Answer 46

Acts as air conditioning chamber. They act as resonating chambers for production of voice They make facial bones lighter, and establish contour of face.

Question 47

Which paranasal sinus is the largest

Answer 47

maxillary sinus

Question 48

What are the boundaries of the maxillary sinus (apex, base, roof, floor)

Answer 48

Apex – zygomatic process Base - nasal surface of maxilla Roof – orbital surface of maxilla Floor - alveolar process of maxilla

Question 49

fracture of which bony structure in the nasal cavity can lead to anosmia and rhinorrhea

Answer 49

cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

Question 50

What is in the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus

Answer 50

infra-orbital plexus of vessels and nerves and origin to muscles of upper lip and anterior superior alveolar nerve

Question 51

What is in the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus

Answer 51

posterior superior alveolar nerve and vessels.

Question 52

In most cases the cause of a nosebleed (epistaxis) is due to damage to which area of the nasal cavity

Answer 52

Kiesselbach area

Question 53

What is the blood supply of the maxillary sinus

Answer 53

anterior and posterior alveolar vessels from maxillary artery

Question 54

what is the lymph drainage of the maxillary sinus

Answer 54

submandibular nodes

Question 55

What is the nerve supply of the maxillary sinus

Answer 55

Anterior ,middle and posterior superior alveolar nerve

Question 56

What does the maxillary sinus communicate with

Answer 56

drains into middle meatus through floor of hiatus semilunaris just below the bulla ethmoidalis.