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My Respiratory > Alveolar Ventilation > Flashcards

Alveolar Ventilation Flashcards

1
Q

Total lung capacity, functional residual capacity and residual volume can be measured using which techniques

A

Helium-Dilution

Nitrogen-washout

Body Plethysmograph

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2
Q

How do you calculate Minute Ventilation or Total Ventilation

A

VT x RR

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3
Q

How do you calculate Dead Space Ventilation

A

VD x RR

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4
Q

How do you calculate Alveolar Ventilation

A

(VT – VD) x RR

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5
Q

What is Dead Space Ventilation

A

air that never reaches the gas exchange areas

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6
Q

What is Alveolar Ventilation

A

the rate at which new air reaches gas exchange areas

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7
Q

The anatomic dead space can be determined by using _______method

A

Fowler’s

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8
Q

What is Alveolar Dead Space

A

the volume of gas that enters unperfused alveoli per breath

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9
Q

Physiologic dead space can be measured using _______ method

A

Bohr method

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10
Q

What is the equation for Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure

A

Px  = Fx × Ptot

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11
Q

What is the alveolar gas equation

A

PAO2 = PIO2 – PACO2 / R

= FIO2 (PB – PH2O) – PACO2 / R

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12
Q 
Hypoventilation
always \_\_\_\_\_\_ (increase/decrease) the alveolar and arterial PCO2
A

increase

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13
Q

Hypoventilation _______ (increase/decrease) Decreases the PO2 unless additional O2 is inspired

A

decrease

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14
Q

True or False

Hypoxemia induced by simple hypoventilation is easy to reverse by adding O2 to the inspired gas

A

True

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15
Q

What is alveolar ventilation

A

the volume of fresh air entering the alveoli per minute or leaving the body per minute

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16
Q

The size of a person’s lungs depends on

A

height and weight or body surface area, as well as on his or her age and sex

17
Q

What are the 4 standard lung volumes

A

tidal
residual
expiratory reserve
inspiratory reserve

18
Q

What are the 4 standard lung capacities

A

functional residual
inspiratory residual
total lung
vital

19
Q

What is tidal volume

A

the volume of air entering or leaving the nose or mouth per breath

20
Q

What controls the tidal volume

A

respiratory control centers of the brain

21
Q

What is residual volume

A

the volume of gas left in the lungs after a maximal forcedexpiration

22
Q

Which force determines residual volume

A

the force generated by the muscles of expiration and the inward elastic recoil of the lungs as they oppose the outward elastic recoil of the chest wall

23
Q

What is the expiratory reserve volume

A

the volume of gas that is expelled from the lungs during a maximal forced expiration that starts at the end of a normal tidal expiration

24
Q

Expiratory reserve volume is the difference between

A

he functional residual capacity (FRC) and the residual volume (RV)

25
Q

What is the inspiratory reserve volume

A

the volume of gas that is inhaled into the lungs during a maximal forced inspiration starting at the end of a normal tidal inspiration

26
Q

What force determines the inspiratory reserve volume

A

the strength of contraction of the inspiratory muscles, the inward elastic recoil of the lung and the chest wall, and the starting point

27
Q

What is the functional residual capacity

A

the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal tidal expiration

28
Q

What is the inspiratory capacity

A

the volume of air that is inhaled into the lungs during a maximal inspiratory effort that begins at the end of a normal tidal expiration (the FRC)

29
Q

total lung capacity

A

the volume of air in the lungs after a maximal inspiratory effort

30
Q

vital capacity

A

the volume of air expelled from the lungs during a maximal forced expiration starting after a maximal forced inspiration

31
Q

The nitrogen washout technique is used to determine

A

the person’s initial lung volume

32
Q

How is the initial lung volume calculated using the nitrogen washout technique

A

Total volume expired×% N2 =original volume of N2 in lungs

then : Original volume of N2 in lungs×1.25=original lung volume

33
Q

helium dilution technique is used to determine

A

the functional residual capacity

34
Q

What is the formula used to determine FRC by the helium dilution technique

A

total amount of He before test = total amount of He at end of test:

FHEi x Vspi =FHEf (Vspf +VLf)

35
Q

The body plethysmograph is a technique used to determine

A

functional residual capacity.

36
Q

The “anatomiic dead space” corresponds to which section of the respiratory system

A

the conducting region

37
Q

What is known as the physiological dead space

A

anatomic dead space plus the alveolar dead space

38
Q

What is the closing volume

A

The lung volume at which airway closure begins to occur

My Respiratory (11 decks)

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