Anatomy of the Nasopharynx and Larynx

Question 1

What is contained in the Naso-pharyngeal tonsil

Answer 1

lymphatic aggregation

Question 2

The floor of the naso-pharynx communicates with the oro-pharynx through which structure

Answer 2

pharyngeal isthmus

Question 3

What is another name for the tubal tonsils

Answer 3

Torus tubarius

Question 4

What is another name for the pharyngeal recess

Answer 4

fossa of Rosenmuller

Question 5

What are the three structures in the lateral wall of the naso pharynx

Answer 5

Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube

A tubal elevation

Pharyngeal recess (fossa of Rosenmuller)

Question 6

The tubal elevation in the naso-pharynx contains which 2 structures

Answer 6

Tubal tonsil (Torus tubarius)

Salpingo-pharyngeal fold, Salpingo-palatine

Question 7

What are the 2 main functions of the larynx

Answer 7

respiration and phonation

Question 8

The larynx extend from which vetreba

Answer 8

C3-C6 (adults)

C1 to C4 (children)

Question 9

How many cartilages are there in total in the larynx

Answer 9

9 (3 paired and 3 unpaired)

Question 10

The pharyngeal hypophysis is a remnant of which embryological structure

Answer 10

Rathke’s Pouch

Question 11

The Pouch of Luschka (Pharyngeal bursae) is a remnant of which embryological structure

Answer 11

Notochord

Question 12

What are the 3 paired cartilages in the larynx

Answer 12

Arytenoid
corniculate
cuneiform

Question 13

What are the 3 unpaired cartilages in the larynx

Answer 13

thyroid
cricoid
epiglottis

Question 14

What kind of joints are found in the skeleton of the larynx

Answer 14

synovial

Question 15

Which cartilages of the larynx do not contain hyaline cartilage

Answer 15

epiglottis, cunieform

corniculate

Question 16

What are the 2 main laryngeal joints

Answer 16

crico-arytenoid joint

crico-thyroid joint

Question 17

What are the extrinsic laryngeal ligaments

Answer 17

Thyrohyoid membrane

Hyoepiglottic ligament

Crico-tracheal ligament

Question 18

What are the intrinsic ligaments

Answer 18

Quadrate membrane

Conus Elasticus or crico-vocal membrane

vestibular ligament

vocal ligament

Question 19

Which muscle of the larynx is needed to tense the vocal cords

Answer 19

cricothyroid muscle

Question 20

Which muscle of the larynx is needed to abduct the arytenoid

Answer 20

Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

Question 21

Which muscle of the larynx is needed to adduct the arytenoid

Answer 21

Lateral cricoarytenoid, transverse and oblique arytenoid

Question 22

Which nerve supplies the cricothyroid muscle

Answer 22

external laryngeal nerve

Question 23

Which nerve supplies all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx except 1

Answer 23

recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 24

Which muscle of the larynx is needed for Elevation of larynx –

Answer 24

Thyrohyoid, mylohyoid

Question 25

Which muscle of the larynx is needed for Depression of larynx –

Answer 25

Sternothyroid, sternohyoid

Question 26

Which muscle of the larynx is needed for Opening inlet of larynx –

Answer 26

Thyroepiglotticus

Question 27

Which muscle of the larynx is needed for Closing the inlet –

Answer 27

Aryepiglotticus

Question 28

Which muscle of the larynx is needed to Relax vocal cords –

Answer 28

Thyroarytenoid and part of vocalis

Question 29

What are the boundaries of the inlet of the larynx (anterior, posterior and on the sides)

Answer 29

Anteriorly – Epiglottis Posteriorly – Interarytenoid fold of mucous membrane. On each side – Aryepiglottic fold

Question 30

Ligation of the external laryngeal nerve can result in what regarding the larynx

Answer 30

Slurred speech or speech difficulties

Question 31

What three portions is the cavity of the larynx divided into

Answer 31

Vestibule of larynx (laryngeal vestibule) ventricle of larynx (Sinus of Morgagni) Infraglottic part

Question 32

What is the function of the saccule of the larynx

Answer 32

secrete fluid to lubricate the ligaments in the larynx

Question 33

What are the two folds of the larynx

Answer 33

vestibular and vocal folds

Question 34

Which fold in the larynx is the true fold

Answer 34

vocal fold

Question 35

Which muscle is contained in the vocal cords

Answer 35

vocalis muscle

Question 36

What is the name of the space between two vestibular folds

Answer 36

rima vestibuli

Question 37

What is the name of the space between two vocal folds

Answer 37

rima glottidis

Question 38

the rima glottidis acts as an entry or exit valve

Answer 38

entry valve

Question 39

the rima vestibuli acts as an entry or exit valve

Answer 39

exit valve

Question 40

the upper part of the larynx has what kind of epithelium

Answer 40

Stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium

Question 41

the lower part of the larynx has what kind of epithelium

Answer 41

ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 42

What is the nerve supply up to the vocal cords

Answer 42

internal laryngeal nerve

Question 43

What is the nerve supply below the vocal cords

Answer 43

recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 44

What is the arterial supply up to the vocal cords

Answer 44

Superior laryngeal artery (superior thyroid artery)

Question 45

What is the arterial supply below the vocal cords

Answer 45

Inferior laryngeal artery (inferior thyroid artery)

Question 46

What is the venous drainage up to the vocal cords

Answer 46

Superior laryngeal vein (superior thyroid vein)

Question 47

What is the venous drainage below the vocal cords

Answer 47

Inferior laryngeal vein(inferior thyroid vein)

Question 48

What is the lymphatic drainage up to the vocal cords

Answer 48

Anterior superior group of deep cervical nodes

Question 49

What is the lymphatic drainage below the vocal cords

Answer 49

Posterior inferior group of deep cervical nodes

Question 50

What are the 4 processes involved in phonation

Answer 50

Expired air from lungs – loudness of voice Vibrators – pitch of voice Resonators – quality of voice Articulators

Question 51

Singer's or teacher's nodes is an injury to which structure in the larynx

Answer 51

vocal cords

Question 52

paralysis of the superior laryngeal nerve causes anesthesia to which part of the larynx

Answer 52

superior laryngeal mucosa