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My Respiratory > Anatomy of the Nasopharynx and Larynx > Flashcards

Anatomy of the Nasopharynx and Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

What is contained in the Naso-pharyngeal tonsil

A

lymphatic aggregation

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2
Q

The floor of the naso-pharynx communicates with the oro-pharynx through which structure

A

pharyngeal isthmus

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3
Q

What is another name for the tubal tonsils

A

Torus tubarius

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4
Q

What is another name for the pharyngeal recess

A

fossa of Rosenmuller

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5
Q

What are the three structures in the lateral wall of the naso pharynx

A

Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube

A tubal elevation

Pharyngeal recess (fossa of Rosenmuller)

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6
Q

The tubal elevation in the naso-pharynx contains which 2 structures

A

Tubal tonsil (Torus tubarius)

Salpingo-pharyngeal fold, Salpingo-palatine

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7
Q

What are the 2 main functions of the larynx

A

respiration and phonation

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8
Q

The larynx extend from which vetreba

A

C3-C6 (adults)

C1 to C4 (children)

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9
Q

How many cartilages are there in total in the larynx

A

9 (3 paired and 3 unpaired)

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10
Q

The pharyngeal hypophysis is a remnant of which embryological structure

A

Rathke’s Pouch

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11
Q

The Pouch of Luschka (Pharyngeal bursae) is a remnant of which embryological structure

A

Notochord

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12
Q

What are the 3 paired cartilages in the larynx

A

Arytenoid
corniculate
cuneiform

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13
Q

What are the 3 unpaired cartilages in the larynx

A

thyroid
cricoid
epiglottis

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14
Q

What kind of joints are found in the skeleton of the larynx

A

synovial

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15
Q

Which cartilages of the larynx do not contain hyaline cartilage

A

epiglottis, cunieform

corniculate

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16
Q

What are the 2 main laryngeal joints

A

crico-arytenoid joint

crico-thyroid joint

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17
Q

What are the extrinsic laryngeal ligaments

A

Thyrohyoid membrane

Hyoepiglottic ligament

Crico-tracheal ligament

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18
Q

What are the intrinsic ligaments

A

Quadrate membrane

Conus Elasticus or crico-vocal membrane

vestibular ligament

vocal ligament

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19
Q

Which muscle of the larynx is needed to tense the vocal cords

A

cricothyroid muscle

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20
Q

Which muscle of the larynx is needed to abduct the arytenoid

A

Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

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21
Q

Which muscle of the larynx is needed to adduct the arytenoid

A

Lateral cricoarytenoid, transverse and oblique arytenoid

22
Q

Which nerve supplies the cricothyroid muscle

A

external laryngeal nerve

23
Q

Which nerve supplies all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx except 1

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

24
Q

Which muscle of the larynx is needed for Elevation of larynx –

A

Thyrohyoid, mylohyoid

25
Q

Which muscle of the larynx is needed for Depression of larynx –

A

Sternothyroid, sternohyoid

26
Q

Which muscle of the larynx is needed for Opening inlet of larynx –

A

Thyroepiglotticus

27
Q

Which muscle of the larynx is needed for Closing the inlet –

A

Aryepiglotticus

28
Q

Which muscle of the larynx is needed to Relax vocal cords –

A

Thyroarytenoid and part of vocalis

29
Q

What are the boundaries of the inlet of the larynx (anterior, posterior and on the sides)

A

Anteriorly – Epiglottis

Posteriorly – Interarytenoid fold of mucous membrane.

On each side – Aryepiglottic fold

30
Q

Ligation of the external laryngeal nerve can result in what regarding the larynx

A

Slurred speech or speech difficulties

31
Q

What three portions is the cavity of the larynx divided into

A

Vestibule of larynx (laryngeal vestibule)

ventricle of larynx (Sinus of Morgagni)

Infraglottic part

32
Q

What is the function of the saccule of the larynx

A

secrete fluid to lubricate the ligaments in the larynx

33
Q

What are the two folds of the larynx

A

vestibular and vocal folds

34
Q

Which fold in the larynx is the true fold

A

vocal fold

35
Q

Which muscle is contained in the vocal cords

A

vocalis muscle

36
Q

What is the name of the space between two vestibular folds

A

rima vestibuli

37
Q

What is the name of the space between two vocal folds

A

rima glottidis

38
Q

the rima glottidis acts as an entry or exit valve

A

entry valve

39
Q

the rima vestibuli acts as an entry or exit valve

A

exit valve

40
Q

the upper part of the larynx has what kind of epithelium

A

Stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium

41
Q

the lower part of the larynx has what kind of epithelium

A

ciliated columnar epithelium

42
Q

What is the nerve supply up to the vocal cords

A

internal laryngeal nerve

43
Q

What is the nerve supply below the vocal cords

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

44
Q

What is the arterial supply up to the vocal cords

A

Superior laryngeal artery (superior thyroid artery)

45
Q

What is the arterial supply below the vocal cords

A

Inferior laryngeal artery (inferior thyroid artery)

46
Q

What is the venous drainage up to the vocal cords

A

Superior laryngeal vein (superior thyroid vein)

47
Q

What is the venous drainage below the vocal cords

A

Inferior laryngeal vein(inferior thyroid vein)

48
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage up to the vocal cords

A

Anterior superior group of deep cervical nodes

49
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage below the vocal cords

A

Posterior inferior group of deep cervical nodes

50
Q

What are the 4 processes involved in phonation

A

Expired air from lungs – loudness of voice

Vibrators – pitch of voice

Resonators – quality of voice

Articulators

51
Q

Singer’s or teacher’s nodes is an injury to which structure in the larynx

A

vocal cords

52
Q

paralysis of the superior laryngeal nerve causes anesthesia to which part of the larynx

A

superior laryngeal mucosa

My Respiratory (11 decks)

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