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Nursing IV > Respiratory Drugs (Gas#4) > Flashcards

Respiratory Drugs (Gas#4) Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Types of Bronchodilators

A

Anticholinergics, Beta-Adrenergic-Agonists (Sympathomimetics) & Methylxanthines

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2
Q

What do Anticholinergics do and what are they used for?

A

they block the vagus nerve allowing bronchodilation & they reduce mucus. used for chronic conditions (COPD) not acute

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3
Q

Do not use Anticholinergics with what type of people?

A

People with glaucoma, hyperthyroidism & hypertension because it is an atropine derivative

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4
Q

Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) is what and how many times can you use it and what else is it used for?

A

Short Acting Anticholinergics MDI 4xqd, used also for allergic rhinitis

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5
Q

triotropium (Spiriva) and how many times can you use it?

A

Long acting Anticholinergics powder once a day

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6
Q

Side effects of Anticholinergics

A

dry mouth & throat, cough

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7
Q

What do Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics) do

A

stimulate beta2 adrenoreceptors, dilate the bronchi, stimulate mucus clearance

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8
Q

what are Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics) used for?

A

acute asthma attacks, prophylaxis for both exercise induced asthma and exposure to known allergies

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9
Q

Isoproterenol, Epinephrine, Ephedrine are what?

A

Nonselective Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

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10
Q

Salmerol (Serevent) & formoterol (Foradil).& what are they never used for

A

Selective long lasting Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics) Never for PRN use!

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11
Q

albuterol (proventil, accolate, ventolin), levalbuterol (Xopenex), terbutaline (Brethine)

A

Selective short acting Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

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12
Q

side effects of nonselective Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

A

tachycardia, arrhythmias, angina

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13
Q

side effects of selective long/short acting Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

A

nervousness, anxiety, insomnia, irritability, dizziness, sweating, increased BP

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14
Q

Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics) mimic what system?

A

sympathetic nervous system which increases BP, Resp, dilates bronchi, decreases GI & kidney flow

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15
Q

What should you watch for in a patient who is taking a Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

A

respirations, BO, GI & kidneys

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16
Q

Therapeutic range for Methylaxanthines

A

10-20 mcg/mL

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17
Q

What are Methylaxanthines used for?

A

prophylaxis of asthma, used with newborns who don’t breath well

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18
Q

What do Methylaxanthines do?

A

increase bronchodilation, decrease histamine release, stimulate ciliary transport of mucus, improve contractility of diaphram, increases CO

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19
Q

if a patient who smokes is on a Methylaxanthine, how does that change the prescription?

A

dose may be higher because cigarettes increase the metabolism of the drug.

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20
Q

what things increase the toxicity of Methylaxanthines

A

coffee, beta blockers, CCB, antibiotics, alcohol, BC with estrogen

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21
Q

what do you monitor when a patient is one Methylaxanthines

A

blood levels

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22
Q

when should you give a Methylaxanthines

A

during the day to prevent insomnia and take with food to prevent GI upset

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23
Q

what side effects do Methylaxanthines have on the CNS, GI and Cardiac

A

CNS:nervousness, insomnia, HA, dizziness, tremors(late sign), GI, Nausea (1st sign), vomiting, anorexia, Cardiac: tachycardia, angina, hypotension

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24
Q

what things decrease the therapeutic level of Methylaxanthines?

A

smoking, antiseizure meds & Benzos

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25
When do corticosteriods take effect?
can take days
26
what do corticosteriods put you at risk for?
hypokalemia, hypocalemia, hyertension, increased BS
27
What is the first/late sign that you have reached toxic xathine levels?
1st: N/v 2nd; tremors
28
Mast cell stabilizers are more effective in what kinds of people?
children rather than old people
29
Do mast cell stabilizers have a bronchodilating effect?
no
30
Inhibits leukotrine receptors/inhibits leukotrine synthesis
receptors: singular Synthesis: zyflo
31
When do you take leukotrine inhibitors?
at night | Singular:5&10mg tabs
32
Long acting Beta Agonist
Serevent, Foradil
33
Short acting Beta Agonist
albuterol, xopenex, brethine
34
Anticholinergics end in?
pium
35
Methylxanthines end in?
phylline
36
Mast Cell Stabilizers
Intal, Tilade
37
Intal, Tilade
Mast cell stabilizers
38
Leukotriene Inhibitors
Singular, Zyflo
39
Singular & Zyflo
Leukotriene inhibitors
40
Glucocorticoids end in?
sone
41
prednisone, Solumedrol, flovent
Glucocorticoids
42
Glucocorticoids
Prednisone, Solumedrol, Flovent
43
Are Mast cells stabilizers used for acute treatment or prophlyaxis?
prophlyaxis not acute
44
What do Mast cells prevent from coming into the cells?
Ca
45
Glucocorticoids increase what metaboism?
CHO, protein & fat metabolism
46
Limit the use of decongestants to how many days?
3-5
47
decongestants
Afrin, Sinutab, Sudafed, Coricidin
48
Function of Antitussives
suppresses cough
49
Narcotic Antitussives
Codeine sulfate, Hycodan
50
Codeine Sulfate & Hycodan
Narcotic Antitussives
51
Nonnarcotic Antitussives
Tessalon, Benylin
52
Tessalon & Benylin
Nonnarcotic Antitussives
53
Function of Mucolytics
makes secretions less tenacious & used for tylenol overdose
54
Mucomyst
Mucolytic
55
Mucolytic
Mucomyst
56
function of expectorants
makes secretions easier to cough up
57
Expectorant example
mucinex
58
Mucinex
Expectorant
59
Combivent is made of what? and what does it prevent
Its a combination of a anticholinergic & beta-agonist and it prevents broncospasms in people with COPD
60
What is Dulera made of and what does it help with?
its a combination of a anticholinergic & beta-agonist and it helps with people who have asthma that is not well controlled with other meds

Nursing IV (20 decks)

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