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Nursing IV > Respiratory Drugs (Gas#4) > Flashcards

Respiratory Drugs (Gas#4) Flashcards

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1
Q

Types of Bronchodilators

A

Anticholinergics, Beta-Adrenergic-Agonists (Sympathomimetics) & Methylxanthines

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2
Q

What do Anticholinergics do and what are they used for?

A

they block the vagus nerve allowing bronchodilation & they reduce mucus. used for chronic conditions (COPD) not acute

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3
Q

Do not use Anticholinergics with what type of people?

A

People with glaucoma, hyperthyroidism & hypertension because it is an atropine derivative

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4
Q

Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) is what and how many times can you use it and what else is it used for?

A

Short Acting Anticholinergics MDI 4xqd, used also for allergic rhinitis

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5
Q

triotropium (Spiriva) and how many times can you use it?

A

Long acting Anticholinergics powder once a day

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6
Q

Side effects of Anticholinergics

A

dry mouth & throat, cough

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7
Q

What do Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics) do

A

stimulate beta2 adrenoreceptors, dilate the bronchi, stimulate mucus clearance

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8
Q

what are Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics) used for?

A

acute asthma attacks, prophylaxis for both exercise induced asthma and exposure to known allergies

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9
Q

Isoproterenol, Epinephrine, Ephedrine are what?

A

Nonselective Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

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10
Q

Salmerol (Serevent) & formoterol (Foradil).& what are they never used for

A

Selective long lasting Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics) Never for PRN use!

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11
Q

albuterol (proventil, accolate, ventolin), levalbuterol (Xopenex), terbutaline (Brethine)

A

Selective short acting Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

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12
Q

side effects of nonselective Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

A

tachycardia, arrhythmias, angina

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13
Q

side effects of selective long/short acting Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

A

nervousness, anxiety, insomnia, irritability, dizziness, sweating, increased BP

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14
Q

Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics) mimic what system?

A

sympathetic nervous system which increases BP, Resp, dilates bronchi, decreases GI & kidney flow

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15
Q

What should you watch for in a patient who is taking a Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

A

respirations, BO, GI & kidneys

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16
Q

Therapeutic range for Methylaxanthines

A

10-20 mcg/mL

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17
Q

What are Methylaxanthines used for?

A

prophylaxis of asthma, used with newborns who don’t breath well

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18
Q

What do Methylaxanthines do?

A

increase bronchodilation, decrease histamine release, stimulate ciliary transport of mucus, improve contractility of diaphram, increases CO

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19
Q

if a patient who smokes is on a Methylaxanthine, how does that change the prescription?

A

dose may be higher because cigarettes increase the metabolism of the drug.

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20
Q

what things increase the toxicity of Methylaxanthines

A

coffee, beta blockers, CCB, antibiotics, alcohol, BC with estrogen

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21
Q

what do you monitor when a patient is one Methylaxanthines

A

blood levels

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22
Q

when should you give a Methylaxanthines

A

during the day to prevent insomnia and take with food to prevent GI upset

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23
Q

what side effects do Methylaxanthines have on the CNS, GI and Cardiac

A

CNS:nervousness, insomnia, HA, dizziness, tremors(late sign), GI, Nausea (1st sign), vomiting, anorexia, Cardiac: tachycardia, angina, hypotension

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24
Q

what things decrease the therapeutic level of Methylaxanthines?

A

smoking, antiseizure meds & Benzos

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25
Q

When do corticosteriods take effect?

A

can take days

26
Q

what do corticosteriods put you at risk for?

A

hypokalemia, hypocalemia, hyertension, increased BS

27
Q

What is the first/late sign that you have reached toxic xathine levels?

A

1st: N/v 2nd; tremors

28
Q

Mast cell stabilizers are more effective in what kinds of people?

A

children rather than old people

29
Q

Do mast cell stabilizers have a bronchodilating effect?

A

no

30
Q

Inhibits leukotrine receptors/inhibits leukotrine synthesis

A

receptors: singular
Synthesis: zyflo

31
Q

When do you take leukotrine inhibitors?

A

at night

Singular:5&10mg tabs

32
Q

Long acting Beta Agonist

A

Serevent, Foradil

33
Q

Short acting Beta Agonist

A

albuterol, xopenex, brethine

34
Q

Anticholinergics end in?

A

pium

35
Q

Methylxanthines end in?

A

phylline

36
Q

Mast Cell Stabilizers

A

Intal, Tilade

37
Q

Intal, Tilade

A

Mast cell stabilizers

38
Q

Leukotriene Inhibitors

A

Singular, Zyflo

39
Q

Singular & Zyflo

A

Leukotriene inhibitors

40
Q

Glucocorticoids end in?

A

sone

41
Q

prednisone, Solumedrol, flovent

A

Glucocorticoids

42
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

Prednisone, Solumedrol, Flovent

43
Q

Are Mast cells stabilizers used for acute treatment or prophlyaxis?

A

prophlyaxis not acute

44
Q

What do Mast cells prevent from coming into the cells?

A

Ca

45
Q

Glucocorticoids increase what metaboism?

A

CHO, protein & fat metabolism

46
Q

Limit the use of decongestants to how many days?

A

3-5

47
Q

decongestants

A

Afrin, Sinutab, Sudafed, Coricidin

48
Q

Function of Antitussives

A

suppresses cough

49
Q

Narcotic Antitussives

A

Codeine sulfate, Hycodan

50
Q

Codeine Sulfate & Hycodan

A

Narcotic Antitussives

51
Q

Nonnarcotic Antitussives

A

Tessalon, Benylin

52
Q

Tessalon & Benylin

A

Nonnarcotic Antitussives

53
Q

Function of Mucolytics

A

makes secretions less tenacious & used for tylenol overdose

54
Q

Mucomyst

A

Mucolytic

55
Q

Mucolytic

A

Mucomyst

56
Q

function of expectorants

A

makes secretions easier to cough up

57
Q

Expectorant example

A

mucinex

58
Q

Mucinex

A

Expectorant

59
Q

Combivent is made of what? and what does it prevent

A

Its a combination of a anticholinergic & beta-agonist and it prevents broncospasms in people with COPD

60
Q

What is Dulera made of and what does it help with?

A

its a combination of a anticholinergic & beta-agonist and it helps with people who have asthma that is not well controlled with other meds

Nursing IV (20 decks)

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