Integumentary System Gas #21 Flashcards
Keratin
In epidermis layer, forms outer barrier of the skin and can repel pathogens and prevent excessive fluid loss from the body
Layers of the dermis
Papillary & reticular
Dermis:papillary function
Produces collagen, contains capillaries and receptors for pain and touch
Dermis:reticular function
Blood vessels, sweat, collagen fibers
Subcutaneous layer function
Contains adipose tissue which permits skin mobility, molds body contours, insulates the body
Eccrine &apocrine glands
Produce sweat
Ceruminous glands
Secrete yellow brown waxy cerumen (ear wax)
Epidermis function
Protects tissues, prevents water loss, water repellant layer, contains keratin
Difference between pruritis, xerosis, psoriasis
Pruritis-itching, xerosis-dry skin, psoriasis-build up of keratin
Where is xerosis usually found
Older adult due to decreased skin lubrication and moisture
Pruitis/causes
Unpleasant sensation of skin itching, prickly, burning; animals plants fabrics meds can cause this
Pruritis treatments
Avoid hot water, use mild soap and warm water, cool compresses, avoid alcohol, use humidifiers, apply bland emollients daily
Pruritis treatment medications
Creams-nutraderm, ointments-Vaseline, lotions-calamine, antibiotics-bacitracin, corticosteroids, antihistamines-Benadryl
Psoriasis
Chronic noninfectious, inflammatory disease, increased epidermal cells (overproduction of keratin), raised red round plaques covered c thick silvery scales
Causes of psoriasis
Stress anxiety trauma can aggravate it, unknown cause
Psoriasis treatment
Topical, systemic, photo chemotherapy
Psoriasis topical treatment/made out of
Tar products, tazarotene is made from vit A, TIM’s, corticosteroids & you wrap with plastic film after it is applied
Psoriasis systemic therapy
Methotrexate, cyclosporine
Psoriasis photochemotherapy /risks
PUVA, pt takes a photo sensitivity med exposing themselves to a long wave of ultraviolet light, risks: skin ca, cataracts, premature skin aging
MRSA s/s
Small red bumps, boils or “spider bites”, they become deep painful abscesses
MRSA causes
Unnecessary antibiotic use, antibiotics in food & water, germ mutation
MRSA risk factors
Current or recent hospitalization, long term care, invasive devices, recent antibiotic use (cipro, cephalosporin)
Risk factors for CA-MRSA
Young age, contact sports, sharing towels/athletic equipment, weakened immune system, crowded unsanitary conditions, health care workers
Folliculitis/ how do you get it
A bacterial infection of a hair follicle, shaving, stye, poor hygiene
Folliculotis turns into what
Furuncles
Furuncles
Boils, inflammation of one or more hair follicles that spreads to surrounding dermis, usually staph. aureus
Furuncles can turn into what
Carbuncle
Carbuncle
An abscess of the skin and sq tissue, an extension of a furuncle. Appears where skin is thick and inelastic
Systemic symptoms of a carbuncle
Fever, malaise, chills
Carbuncle treatment
Systemic antibiotics:cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, flucloxacillin
Carbuncle teaching
Don’t squeeze boil contact precaution if drainage
Cellulitis is an infection of what skin layers
Dermis and sq tissue
Cellulitis s/s and systemic s/s
Red, swollen, painful systemic s/s:fever, swollen lymph glands, malaise
Impetigo/what is it cause by
Contagious superficial infection of the skin caused by staph strep, or multiple bacteria
Impetigo s/s
Honey colored serous liquid that hardens into a crust
Impetigo incubation period
4-10 days
How long do kids with impetigo have to stay out of school?
Keep out of school until they have treatment with antibiotics
What will spread the infection with impetigo
Itching
Fungal infection medication/how long until it works/ what do you take it with
Griseofulvin, takes 3-4 wks to work, take with fatty foods
Do you treat partner with candidiasis?
Yes
Capitis
Head
Corporis
Body
Pubis
Groin
Live hatch in how many days and mature in how many wks
10 days; 2 wks
Lice treatment
1% permethrin
How long after lice treatment do you repeat?
7-10 days
Scabies s/s
Intense pruritis, papular rash, excoriations
How long does it take for symptoms to appear with scabies
4 weeks
Scabies treatment
Warm, soapy bath, dry and cool skin before application of lindane, crotamiton, permethrin which is left on for 24 hours then washed off then reapplied for 24 hours
Shingles (herpes zoster) s/s
Painful, vesicular eruption along nerve path
Shingles treatment
Acyclovir (Zovirax) is administered 24 hrs of initial eruption. IV administration reduces pain. Lyrica/neurontin can be give for spasmodic pain
Scabies treatment
Warm, soapy bath, dry and cool skin before application of lindane, crotamiton, permethrin which is left on for 24 hours then washed off then reapplied for 24 hours
Seborrheic
Atopic dermatitis. Common in the skin and scalp, eyebrows, ear canals, axillae and trunk
Exfoliative
Atopic dermatitis. Excessive peeling or shedding of skin, cause is unknown
Where do malignant melanomas metastasis first
Regional lymph nodes
