Neuro Tube Defects & Congenital Conditions

Question 0

What protein will be high with spina bifida

Answer 0

Fetal alpha protein

Question 1

What is a neuro tube made up of?

Answer 1

Brain and spinal cord develop as a groove that folds over to become a tube

Question 2

Spina bifida occulta s/s

Answer 2

Hidden, bowel&bladder dysfunction, back pain, leg weakness, scoliosis

Question 3

Spina bifida meningocele s/s

Answer 3

Severe type of spina bifida, meninges protrude, fluid filled bulge under the skin

Question 4

Meningomyelocele spina bifida s/s

Answer 4

Tissues & nerves may be exposed, neuro disabilities rt location, Sensory or motor loss after surgery, no bowel or bladder control, flaccid lower body, won’t ever walk

Question 5

When do you need to reform surgery for spina bifida and why

Answer 5

Within the first 48 hours to prevent infection and further injury

Question 6

Hydrocephalus

Answer 6

Excessive accumulation of fluid on the brain, associated with spina bifida, abnormal enlargement of ventricles in brain

Question 7

S/s of hydrocephalus in infants

Answer 7

Abnormal head, tense bulging fontanel, separation of skull bones, vomiting, irritability, seizures

Question 8

S/s of hydrocephalus in toddlers/older children

Answer 8

HA, N,V, blurred vision, unstable balance, sleepiness, poor concentration, difficulty waking up

Question 9

S/s of hydrocephalus in young middle aged children

Answer 9

HA, bladder problems

Question 10

S/s of hydrocephalus in old person

Answer 10

Shuffling gait

Question 11

Therapeutic management of hydrocephalus and what do they do

Answer 11

Vp shunt/va shunt, endoscopic third ventriculostomy. They divert fluid

Question 12

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy

Answer 12

Creation of a new pathway between 3rd and 4th ventricles

Question 13

Nursing things you have to do for hydrocephalus

Answer 13

Measure head circumstance and ear to ear, asses for s/s of ICP/infection

Question 14

S/s of ICP in babies

Answer 14

Tense fontanel a, increased head circumference, decreased LOC, poor sucking, vomiting

Question 15

S/s of infection in babies

Answer 15

Fever, increased pulse, general malaise, signs of meningitis, high pitched cry

Question 16

What should nurse do after shunt is placed

Answer 16

Position to avoid pressure on valve, keep HOB elevated 30 degrees or less, resume fluids gradually after NPO status, Medicare for pain, follow up appointments

Question 17

Parent teaching after shunt is placed

Answer 17

Don’t lay head on shunt because it’ll drain all out, comfortable position for feeding, promote bonding, position changes of head, G&D delay signs, shunt malfunction, the more you control spoofed of ICP the better chance they will have a normal life

Question 18

When does Cerebral palsy appear

Answer 18

Infancy or early childhood

Question 19

What does cerebral palsy effect

Answer 19

Permanently effects movement/muscle coordination

Question 20

How does early treatment effect cerebral palsy

Answer 20

It can improve capabilities

Question 21

Is Cerebral palsy progressive?

Answer 21

No, it’s not linked to intellectual function either

Question 22

Cerebral palsy risk factors

Answer 22

Premature birth, LBW, lack of nutrients, lack of growth factors, rh or ABO incompatibility, maternal infections, alcohol exposure, smoking, drugs

Question 23

What can progress overtime with CP?

Answer 23

Muscle spasticity

Question 24

Early s/s of CP if s/s show before 18 months

Answer 24

Delayed motor development (not meeting milestones), abnormal muscle tone(will either hypotonia or hypertonia)

Question 25

Hypotonia

Answer 25

Decreased muscle tone

Question 26

Hypertonia

Answer 26

Stiff or ridged muscle tone

Question 27

Prevention of CP

Answer 27

Immunization against measles for all women prior to pregnancy, bilirubin levels, reduce risk of virus exposure, avoid unnecessary X-ray, drugs, control anemia, Nutritional deficiencies

Question 28

Treatment related to other complications of CP

Answer 28

G tube placement for feeding, fundoplication

Question 29

Anti seizure meds and intrathecal baclofen (ITB)-GABA receptor agonist are used for?

Answer 29

CP

Question 30

Fundoplication

Answer 30

Keeps CP patients from vomiting