Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nursing 2910 > Respiratory Assessment > Flashcards

Respiratory Assessment Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Nursing Mental Health flashcards Nursing Management of Care flashcards NCLEX-PN® flashcards NCLEX-RN® flashcards Nursing Fundamentals flashcards Nursing Pediatrics flashcards Nursing Safety & Infection flashcards Nursing Pharmacology flashcards Nursing Maternity flashcards Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

What does the pulmonary system consist of

A

the airway and lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the airway consist of

A

nasal passages, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of the airway

A

to moisten, warm, and filter the air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do the lungs contain

A

the apex, base, and alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many lobes does the right lung have and what are they

A

3
Superior/upper, middle, inferior/lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How many lobes does the left lung have and what are they

A

2
superior/upper, inferior/lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the left lung have that the right lung doesn’t

A

the cardiac notch (makes space for the heart)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where are the lower lobes heard best

A

posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does inhalation do

A

draws air in through the mouth and nose, expands the chest cavity and lungs, creates a negative pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What anatomy does inhalation use

A

diaphragm, intercostal muscles, pleural membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does exhalation do

A

relaxes diaphragm and intercostal muscles, returning the lungs and chest to a normal size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Respiration

A

gas exchange within the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does gas exchange happen and where

A

occurs in the alveoli, O2 goes to the blood which carries O2 to the body, and CO2 is brought back to the alveoli to be breathed out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is external respiration

A

alveolar –> capillary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is internal respiration

A

capillary –> tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do chemoreceptors do

A

measure the CO2 and O2 concentrations in our blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Primary stimulus

A

measure increased levels of CO2 (hypercapnia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Secondary stimulus

A

measure low levels of O2 (hypoxia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ventilation

A

the mechanical act of breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Thorax

A

the area of the body between the neck and abdomen containing the heart and lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Trachea

A

where air is transported through and is lined with mucous membranes and cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Mediastinum

A

the area between the lungs that contains the heart and great vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the pathway of air

A

trachea –> bronchus –> bronchiole –> alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the respiratory assessment interview questions (10)

A

health history, medications, vaccines, family history, allergies, smoking, occupation (exposure to chemicals), demographic data, respiratory, environmental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Factors that influence oxygenation (9)

A

stress, allergies, air quality, altitude, temperature, pregnancy, obesity, exercise, smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

How do allergies effect the respiratory system

A

cause inflammation to the nasal passage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How does air quality affect the respiratory system

A

trigger respiratory problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How does the temperature affect the respiratory system

A

cold temperatures require the air to be moistened

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

How does pregnancy affect the respiratory system

A

increase the need of oxygen

30
Q

How does exercise affect the respiratory system

A

increase metabolic demand

31
Q

How does smoking affect the respiratory system

A

chemicals block airways and kill hairs, and decrease elasticity

32
Q

What signs do the face give about respiratory status (4)

A

breathing effort and quality, pursed lips (abnormal), flared nostrils (abnormal), grunting (abnormal)

33
Q

What signs does body position give about respiratory status (2)

A

client should be sitting up relaxed, tripod position (abnormal)

34
Q

What signs do skin and nails give about respiratory status (2)

A

cyanosis is a sign of hypoxia (abnormal), clubbing indicates long term hypoxia (abnormal)

35
Q

What signs does the chest give about respiratory status (4)

A

Breathing appears effortless, retractions (abnormal), accessory muscle use (abnormal), 1:2 anteroposterior to lateral ratio (equal in infants)

36
Q

What signs does the thorax give about respiratory status (4)

A

scapula should be symmetric, shoulders at equal positions, straight spine, midline and straight sternum

37
Q

Scoliosis

A

spine deviates laterally

38
Q

Kyphosis

A

increased curve of the thoracic spine

39
Q

What signs does palpation give about respiratory status (2)

A

lumps/masses (abnormal), pain/tenderness (abnormal)

40
Q

Crepitus

A

air trapped under skin, feels like crackling when you touch skin

41
Q

Fremitus

A

vibration that can be felt across the lung field

42
Q

What does increase vibration in the lungs indicate

A

extra fluid

43
Q

How to measure expansion of the lungs

A

place hand on anterior chest wall with thumbs pointed towards xiphoid process/place hands on posterior chest wall at T9 or T10

Thumbs should move apart symmetrically 5-10 cm

44
Q

What do you percuss when you percuss the lungs and where

A

tone
over intercostal spaces

45
Q

Resonance

A

the tone heard over normal lung tissue

46
Q

How do you auscultate the lungs

A

instruct client to breathe slowly through their mouth, move stethoscope from side to side, compare sounds bilaterally, listen for one full respiration in each spot

47
Q

Developmental variations in infants (6)

A

Immature lower airway/nervous system/immune system, narrow airways, breathe out of nose only until 6 months, diaphragmatic breathers (check rr in stomach until 1), normal rr=30-53, chest sound is smooth and round

48
Q

Developmental variations in children (4)

A

upper respiratory infections are common, asthma presents, short/small airways, drowning in small amounts of water

49
Q

Developmental variations in school-aged (3)

A

mature heart/lungs/circulatory system, URIs resolve easily, asthma

50
Q

Developmental variations in older adults (7)

A

reduced lung expansion/less alveolar inflation, difficulty clearing airways because of weak muscles, declining immune response, chemoreceptors respond more slowly, kyphosis is common, loss of skeletal/accessory muscles and elasticity, calcification of cartilage,

51
Q

What are the normal lung sounds (3)

A

bronchial, bronchovesicular, vesicular

52
Q

Describe bronchial lung sounds

A

high pitched and harsh, short during inspiration and long during expiration

53
Q

Describe bronchovesicular lung sounds

A

moderate pitch and amplitude, same length during both inspiration and expiration (1:1)

54
Q

Describe vesicular lung sounds

A

low, breezy, and soft, expiration is shorter than inspiration, heard best on bases and periphery of lungs

55
Q

What are the adventitious breath sounds (3)

A

crackles, wheezing, pleural rub

56
Q

Describe crackle lung sounds

A

caused by fluid in small airways or atelectasis, intermittent popping sounds

57
Q

Describe wheezing lung sounds

A

caused by air moving through narrowed airways, heard continuously on inspiration or expiration
sounds like a whale

58
Q

Describe pleural rub lung sounds

A

low pitched dry grating sound, caused by restricted air flow or due to body type
sounds like rubber rubbing together

59
Q

What is a normal rr rate

A

12-20 breaths per minute

60
Q

What is normal rr rate called

A

eupnea

61
Q

What is a normal oxygen saturation

A

95-100

62
Q

Bradypnea

A

slow respirations, <10 per minute

63
Q

Tachypnea

A

fast respirations >24 per minute

64
Q

Apnea

A

absence of breathing

65
Q

hypoxia

A

low oxygen in tissue

66
Q

hypoxemia

A

low oxygen in blood

67
Q

tympany

A

high, drum like sound
common over the stomach

68
Q

dullness

A

present over fluid or solid tissue

69
Q

flatness

A

heard over muscle mass or bones

70
Q

hyperresonance

A

overly-resonant sounds, can indicate trapped air

71
Q

What are some nursing interventions to support and maintain adequate oxygenation

A

end smoking, vaccinations, avoid pollutant, exercise weekly

72
Q

What does hyperventilation cause

A

a decrease of CO2 in the body

Nursing 2910 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions