Neurological assessment Flashcards
What is the neurological system responsible for
controlling/affecting the function of body systems, interacts with external world, happens through transmission of chemical and electrical signals
What are the basic functions of the neurological system
cognition, emotion, memory, sensation, perception, homeostasis
What does the central nervous system control
cerebral and cerebellar function
What does the peripheral nervous system control
sensory and motor function
What is cerebral function
intellectual and behavioral function (LOC, orientation, mental status, cognitive function, communication)
What is cerebellar function
coordination of skeletal and muscular movement, regulate muscle tone, responsible for proprioception/maintaining body posture
Frontal lobe
motor control, problem solving, speech production
Temporal lobe
auditory processing, language comprehension, memory.information retrieval
Brainstem
involuntary responses
Parietal lobe
touch perception, body orientation, sensory discrimination
Occipital lobe
sight, visual reception, visual interpretation
Cerebellum
balance and coordination
What do nerves do
carry out the transmission of chemical and electrical signals between the brain and the rest of the body
Stroke
the death of brain cells that occurs when there is ischemia to a part of the brain or hemorrhage into the brain
Modifiable stroke factors
smoking, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, birth control, obesity, and diet
Non-modifiable stroke factors
age, gender, race, family history, past stroke, TIA
FAST acronym for strokes
Face drooping
Arm weakness
Speech
Time to call 911
Babinski reflex
when foot is stroked the toes will extend upward, positive test is only desired in newborns
Rooting
stroking cheek elicits newborn to turn head towards the side that was stroked and begin sucking motion
Moro reflex
change causes infant to throw the arms outward, open the hands, and throw back the head
Palmar and plantar grasp
the infant’s fingers or toes curl around a finger placed
What assessment tests the function of the cerebellum
musculoskeletal assessment
Superficial sensation
start on the most peripheral part, touch each spot for 2 seconds before moving (light, pain, temperature)
Kinesthetic sensation (position sense)
move a patient’s finger or tow up or down and have patient identify direction of movement
Deep tendon reflex grading scale
0: no response
+1: diminished response
+2: normal response
+3: response stronger than normal
+4: response is hyperactive with clonus (involuntary contractions after the first contraction)
What is the glasglow scale used for
to document and measure the level of consciousness
