Medication Administration Flashcards
What does the Institute of Medicine (IOM) do
national agenda to reduce medication errors
What does the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (SMP) / United States Pharmacopeia (USP) do
monitor medication error reports
What does The Joint Commission (TJC) do
national patient safety goals, medication error prevention
What does the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) do
barcoding
What does the Quality and Safe Education for Nurses (QSEN) do
knowledge, skills, abilities (KSAs)
What is some technology that has been used to prevent errors
computerized prescriber order entry, barcode scanning, smart pumps, automated dispensing cabinet
2 methods to promote safer medication administration practices
never leave medications unattended, chart medication after the patient takes it
When do you perform each safety check
1.) upon removal of medication from the dispensing system
2.) during the preparation
3.) at the bedside before administration
What are the 6 medication rights
right patient, drug, dose, time, route, documentation
Medication error
any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or harm to a patient
What is the last line of defense before medication reaches the patient
nurses
What are the common causes of medication administration errors (6)
lack of knowledge, poor communication, equipment errors, calculation errors, incorrect patient, unsafe staffing
Oral route
swallow normally through pill or liquid
Sublingual route
under the tongue
Rectal route
in the rectum
Topical route
on skin
Buccal route
held in the cheek
Parenteral route
given through a shot
What are the types of parenteral routes
intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intradermal
What are the solid drug types
tablets, scored tablets, enteric-coated tablets, capsules, controlled released capsules, gelatin capsules
What type of tablet cannot be crushed and why
Enteric-coated tablets because the coating is made to be absorbed in the stomach
Liquid drug types
oral syringes, droppers, spoons
Why are respiratory inhalants used
to allow the medication to be delivered directly to the lungs, rapidly allowing for local effects
What is the assessment before drug administration
vital signs, general condition, mental status, coordination, ability to swallow
Why are sublingual and buccal routes used
they are absorbed rapidly into the bloodstream bypassing the liver
BID
twice a day
TID
three times a day
QID
four times a day
QH/QH1
every hour
Q2H
every 2 hours
PO
by mouth
Supp
suppository
Susp
suspension
Tab
tablet
Ac
before meals
Pc
after meals
Hs
at bedtime
