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Systemic Pharm II > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Albuterol

A

short-acting B2 Agonist

rapid onset (5-30mins) and lasts 4-6 hrs

  • quick relief
  • no anti-inflammatory effects (not used alone)

Tx: Asthma + COPD

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2
Q

Levalbuterol

A

short-acting B2 Agonist

rapid onset (5-30mins) and lasts 4-6 hrs

  • quick relief
  • no anti-inflammatory effects (not used alone)

Tx: Asthma + COPD

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3
Q

Pirbuterol

A

short-acting B2 Agonist

rapid onset (5-30mins) and lasts 4-6 hrs

  • quick relief
  • no anti-inflammatory effects (not used alone)

Tx: Asthma + COPD

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4
Q

Formoterol

A

long-lasting B2 Agonist

  • not for rapid effects, lasts 12 hours
  • no anti-inflammatory effects

Tx: Asthma + COPD

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5
Q

Indacaterol

A

long-lasting B2 Agonist

  • not for rapid effects, lasts 12 hours
  • no anti-inflammatory effects

Tx: Asthma + COPD

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6
Q

Salmeterol

A

long-lasting B2 Agonist

  • not for rapid effects, lasts 12 hours
  • no anti-inflammatory effects

Tx: Asthma + COPD

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7
Q

Beclomethasone

A

inhaled corticosteroid

  • 1st choice for persistent asthma + taken everyday
  • decrease inflammation/hyperresponsiveness of airway

HELLA AE!! (increased IOP, HTN, Cataracts)

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis
- nasal spray (local admin): nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat, candidiasis

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8
Q

Budesonide

A

inhaled corticosteroid

  • 1st choice for persistent asthma + taken everyday
  • decrease inflammation/hyperresponsiveness of airway

HELLA AE!! (increased IOP, HTN, Cataracts)

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis
- nasal spray (local admin): nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat, candidiasis

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9
Q

Ciclesonide

A

inhaled corticosteroid

  • 1st choice for persistent asthma + taken everyday
  • decrease inflammation/hyperresponsiveness of airway

HELLA AE!! (increased IOP, HTN, Cataracts)

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis
- nasal spray (local admin): nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat, candidiasis

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10
Q

Flunisolide

A

inhaled corticosteroid

  • 1st choice for persistent asthma + taken everyday
  • decrease inflammation/hyperresponsiveness of airway

HELLA AE!! (increased IOP, HTN, Cataracts)

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis
- nasal spray (local admin): nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat, candidiasis

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11
Q

Fluticasone

A

inhaled corticosteroid

  • 1st choice for persistent asthma + taken everyday
  • decrease inflammation/hyperresponsiveness of airway

HELLA AE!! (increased IOP, HTN, Cataracts)

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis
- nasal spray (local admin): nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat, candidiasis

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12
Q

Mometasone

A

inhaled corticosteroid

  • 1st choice for persistent asthma + taken everyday
  • decrease inflammation/hyperresponsiveness of airway

HELLA AE!! (increased IOP, HTN, Cataracts)

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis
- nasal spray (local admin): nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat, candidiasis

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13
Q

Montelukast

A

anti-leukotriene: increases hepatic enzymes, HA, dyspepsia (indigestion)

blocks leukotriene effects

AE: behavior/mood changes (suicidal)

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis

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14
Q

Zafirlukast

A

anti-leukotriene

AE: increases hepatic enzymes, HA, dyspepsia (indigestion)

blocks leukotriene effects

inhibits P450 - increases warfarin levels

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15
Q

Zileuton

A

anti-leukotriene: increases hepatic enzymes, HA, dyspepsia (indigestion)

inhibits 5-lipoxygenase to prevent leukotriene formation

inhibits P450 - increases warfarin levels

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16
Q

Cromolyn

A

Mast cell Stabilizer: blocks release of inflammatory mediators

prophylactic anti-inflammatory

  • not for acute attacks
  • short duration of action
  • frequent daily dosing

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis

17
Q

Ipratropium

A

cholinergic antagonist: blocks contraction of smooth muscles innervated by vagus nerve - Bronchodilation

  • slow onset with minimal AE
  • less effective than B2 Agonist except when COPD

Tx: Asthma + COPD

18
Q

Tiotropium

A

cholinergic antagonist: blocks contraction of smooth muscles innervated by vagus nerve - Bronchodilation

  • slow onset with minimal AE
  • less effective than B2 Agonist except when COPD

Tx: Asthma + COPD

19
Q

Theophylline

A

increases cAMP and antagonizes adenosine receptors which leads to bronchodilation (decrease symptoms of chronic asthma)

AE: narrow TI, so an overdose can lead to fatal arrhythmias or seizures

20
Q

Omalizumab

A

selectively binds to IgE and decreases release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils

very costly and reserved for people who don’t respond to other meds for Asthma

21
Q

Cetirizine

A

anti-histamine: H1 blockers
- eye drops, nasal spray, OTC

AE: dry EYE + mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating, sedation

Tx: Allergic Rhinitis

22
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

anti-histamine: H1 blockers
- eye drops, nasal spray, OTC

AE: dry EYE + mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating, sedation

Tx: Allergic Rhinitis

23
Q

Fexofenadine

A

anti-histamine: H1 blockers
- eye drops, nasal spray, OTC

AE: dry EYE + mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating, sedation

Tx: Allergic Rhinitis

24
Q

Loratadine

A

anti-histamine: H1 blockers
- eye drops, nasal spray, OTC

AE: dry EYE + mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating, sedation

Tx: Allergic Rhinitis

25
Q

Alpha Agonists

A

Constricts dilated arterioles and reduces airway resistance to treat Allergic Rhinitis commonly with Antihistamine

Phenylephrine (short acting)
Oxymetazoline (long acting)

rapid onset but long term use (>3 days) can have rebound nasal congestion

26
Q

Codeine

A

gold standard for suppression of cough by decreasing sensitivity of cough centers in the CNS to peripheral stimuli + decreases mucus secretion

lower dose than for analgesia

Tx: Cough

27
Q

Dextromethorphan

A

morphine derivative but no analgesic effect at anti-tussive dosage

low addictive profile (can still be abused)

equally effective as codeine

Tx: Cough

28
Q

Benzonatate

A

local anesthetic that anesthetizes respiratory passage to reduce cough reflex

29
Q

Guaifenesin

A

Expectorant: facilitates the coughing up of mucus (makes coughing more productive)

decreases adhesiveness and surface tension of respiratory tract secretions and facilitates expectoration and decreases coughing

Systemic Pharm II (17 decks)

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