Respiratory 2

Question 1

what test is dx of COPD

Answer 1

spirometry or PFTs

Question 2

most important measures of COPD dx
2

Answer 2

FEV1 - forced expiratory volume in 1 second
FVC - forced vital capacity

Question 3

first line tx for PNA

Answer 3

amoxicillin 1 G TID

Question 4

3 options for PNA tx

Answer 4

1. amoxicillin 1 G TID
2. doxycycline
3. macrolides - azithromycin

Question 5

Abx commonly used first line for PNA in patients who have comorbidities or who have recent abx use or recent contact with the healthcare system

Answer 5

fluoroquinolones

Question 6

rust colored sputum PNA

Answer 6

S. pneumo

Question 7

scant or watery sputum PNA

Answer 7

atypical pathogens like Mycoplasma or Chlamydophila

Question 8

thick, discolored sputum PNA

Answer 8

bacterial pnumonia

Question 9

most common pathogens implicated in PNA In children 0-4 y.o.

Answer 9

viral

Question 10

most common pathogens implicated in PNA in children 5 years or older
2

Answer 10

bacterial: atypical pathogens (Mycoplasma and Chlamydophila)

Question 11

Preferred abx to treat atypical CAP is

Answer 11

macrolide - azithromycin

Question 12

which abx is not rec in children < 8 y.o. for PNA

Answer 12

doxycycline

Question 13

most common cause of PNA in people of all ages is

Answer 13

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 14

most common atypical pathogen that causes PNA

Answer 14

Mycoplasma

Question 15

disease in which the respiratory tubules are permanently enlarged

Answer 15

bronchiectasis

Question 16

inhaled anticholinergics end in what

Answer 16

-tropium

Question 17

ipratropium helps by

Answer 17

decreasing parasympathetic tone and produces bronchodilation

Question 18

bronchiolitis common s/sx
2

Answer 18

1 wheezing

fever

Question 19

Normal RR for 18 month old

Answer 19

20-30

Question 20

what BP med class should be avoided or used with caution in patients who have lower airway disease

Answer 20

beta blockers

Question 21

propanolol is what type of beta blockers

Answer 21

nonselective beta blocker - exerts effect on beta receptors of heart and sometimes the lungs - avoid in pts with possible lower airway disease

Question 22

metoprolol is what type of beta blocker

Answer 22

cardioselective

Question 23

can asthma patients present with only a cough

Answer 23

yes - this is called cough variant asthma

Question 24

levofloxacin is what

Answer 24

fluoroquinolone

Question 25

what meds should be avoided in patients with asthma

Answer 25

beta blockers

Question 26

what meds should be used cautiously in pts with COPD

Answer 26

beta blockers

Question 27

screening for TB

Answer 27

TB skin test - Mantoux

Question 28

CDC questionnaire about TB sx

Answer 28

this is used for screening patients who have a history of a positive TB skin test

Question 29

major lab abnormality noted in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia

Answer 29

leukocytosis

Question 30

pertussis should always be considered in adults who present with 2

Answer 30

acute cough greater than 5 day URI symptoms 1-2 weeks

Question 31

CDC pneumonia vaccine - older adults

Answer 31

in adults 65 years or older, PCV15 or PCV20. If PCV15 is used, PPSV23 should be administered one year later (not needed for PCV20).