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MyQBank > Endo 1 > Flashcards

Endo 1 Flashcards

1
Q

normal nonfasting glucose level

A

<125

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2
Q

common side effects of metformin in the first two weeks of starting med

A

diarrhea
flatulence

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3
Q

A diagnosis of hypothyroid can be made when

A

after there are two abnormal TSH levels unless the initial value is very elevated and the patient is symptomatic

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4
Q

Next step when an elevated TSH is discovered

A

repeat TSH and get a serum free T4 - after this repeat and with the free T4, you can diagnose hypothyroidism

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5
Q

BMI that indicates increased risk of type 2 DM

A

BMI greater than or equal to 25

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6
Q

fatigue and weight gain - why order a CBC

A

CBC may be helpful in ruling out anemia or infection as the cause of fatigue

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7
Q

fatigue and weight gain - why order a A1c

A

fatigue and weight gain may suggest diabetes

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8
Q

hypothyroidism is most prevalent in who

A

women over 40 years of age

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9
Q

impaired fasting glucose value

A

100-125

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10
Q

impaired fasting glucose f/u

A

none

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11
Q

drug class of choice for treatment of elevated LDL is

A

statin

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12
Q

prior to starting a statin

A

dietary modifications are usually attempted for 3 months prior to starting a statin - unless LDL is very elevated, and they have comorbidities such as DM

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13
Q

ADA ASA recommendations

A

ADA recommends low dose ASA therapy as primary prevention (level C rec) in patients who have type 2 DM that are at an increased risk of CV event - ASA as a secondary prevention who have DM and a history of CV event is a level A rec

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14
Q

renal and metformin

A

monitor values as it is excreted in kidneys

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15
Q

NPH (intermediate acting) insulin can be increased by what

A

2-3 units at a time until BG is normal

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16
Q

you increased the patient’s NPH in the AM to help with BG before dinner - how do they recheck their BG

A

BG checks for 3 days after the insulin change (BG checks before dinner)

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17
Q

nephropathy develops in how many DM patients

A

20-40%

18
Q

screening for albuminuria is most easily accomplished how

A

by performing a random urine collection

19
Q

albuminuria may be considered when

A

when 2-3 specimens of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) collected within 3-6 months are abnormal

20
Q

normal urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) value

A

< 30 mg/gm Cr

21
Q

fasting glucose values that equal or exceed 126 on different days =

A

dm type 2 - an A1c is not needed for dx but should be drawn to establish baseline

22
Q

DM A1c

A

greater than or equal to 6.5

23
Q

pre DM A1c

A

5.7-6.4

24
Q

what is the earliest detectable glycemic abnormality in patient with type 2 dm

A

postprandial glucose elevation

25
Q

once glucose levels are elevated and remain elevated, patients usually experience symptoms such as
4

A

fatigue
thirst
frequent urination
hunger

26
Q

You should have how many elevated TSH levels to dx hypothyroid

A

two

27
Q

A patient is hypothyroid when TSH levels exceeds what value

A

5

28
Q

common s/sx of hypothyroidism
7

A

fatigue
weight gain
dry skin
cold intolerance
constipation
menstrual irregularities
hair and nails break easily

29
Q

hypoglycemia during sleep in a 75 year old can cause

A

stroke or seizure

30
Q

AM fasting glucose goal for DM

A

80-130

31
Q

PPD glucose goal DM

A

<180

32
Q

which lab abnormality commonly accompanies hypothyroidism

A

dyslipidemia

33
Q

lipids and TSH levels

A

elevated lipids, specifically dyslipidemia is common when TSH values exceed 10

34
Q

patient presents with dyslipidemia - think about screening for what else

A

thyroid issues, check TSH

35
Q

dyslipidemia should not be treated until when (TSH)

A

until the TSH decreases to 10 or less

36
Q

abnormal lab values associated with hypothyroidism
6

A
  1. dyslipidemia
  2. hyponatremia
  3. hyperprolactinemia
  4. hyperhomocysteinemia
  5. anemia
  6. elevated creatinine phosphokinase
37
Q

hyperthyroid effect on BP

A

increase of both systolic and diastolic numbers

38
Q

most common form of hyperthyroidism

A

grave’s disease

39
Q

graves disease - TSH, T3, T4

A

low TSH
elevated T3/4

40
Q

long-acting insulin mimics what

A

the amount of insulin the pancreas produces at a steady rate throughout the day and night

41
Q

adjustment in doses of long-acting insulin are typically based on what glucose values

A

based on AM fasting glucose values

MyQBank (27 decks)

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