GI 1

Question 1

two drug classes that have interactions with grapefruit

Answer 1

statins and CCB

Question 2

predominant white cell during viral infections

Answer 2

lymphocytes

Question 3

total white cell count in viral infections

Answer 3

typically low

Question 4

a bacterial infection is frequently evidenced by what cell counts
3

Answer 4

1. elevated leukocytes
2. increased neutrophil count
3. decreased lymphocyte count

Question 5

which hepatitis infection is increased with drinking contaminated water

Answer 5

hep A

Question 6

elevated liver enzymes, tender liver =

Answer 6

probably hepatitis

Question 7

how does sucralfate work

Answer 7

does not affect pH or acid output - it forms a viscous, adhesive substance that adheres to the surface of gastric and esophageal ulcers

Question 8

antacids work by
2

Answer 8

1. neutralizes hydrochloric acid in stomach
2. increases gastric pH (but only for about 20-30 minutes)

Question 9

neutralizes hydrochloric acid in the stomach and rapidly increases gastric pH

Answer 9

antacids - calcium carbonate/tums

Question 10

H2 (histamine-2) antagonists work by

Answer 10

decreasing acid secretion by inhibiting H2 receptors on gastric parietal cells

Question 11

decreases acid secretion by inhibiting H2 receptors on gastric parietal cells

Answer 11

H2 antagonists

Question 12

H2 antagnosits examples

Answer 12

-tidine
ranitidine/Zantac
cimetidine/Tagamet
famotidine/Pepcid
nizatidine/Axid-

Question 13

-tidines are what

Answer 13

H2 antagnoists

Question 14

PPIs work by

Answer 14

reducing gastric secretion by binding to and inhibiting the hydrogen-potassium (h-K) ATPase pump

Question 15

reducing gastric secretion by binding to and inhibiting the hydrogen-potassium (h-K) ATPase pump

Answer 15

PPIs

Question 16

PPIs examples

Answer 16

-prazole
omeprazole/Prilosec
lansoprazole/Prevacid
rabeprazole/Aciphex
esomeprazole/Nexium
pantoprazole/Protonix

Question 17

-prazole

Answer 17

PPIs

Question 18

the most common cause of acute pancreatitis is
2

Answer 18

gallstones and alcohol abuse

Question 19

biliary colic refers to

Answer 19

discomfort produced by contraction of the gallbladder

Question 20

biliary colic usually last how long

Answer 20

at least 30 minutes but less than 6 hours; response to eating

Question 21

a positive what sign is seen when gallbladder wall is inflammed

Answer 21

positive Murphy’s sign

Question 22

how do murphy’s sign

Answer 22

palpate the gallbladder just beneath the liver when the patient takes a deep breath

Question 23

avoid what with metronidazole

Answer 23

alcohol as it can produce a disulfiram reaction - abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, HA, and elevated temp; don’t drink until 72 hours after last dose

Question 24

a renal stone most often won’t produce what s/sx

Answer 24

fever

Question 25

uncomplicated reflux disease - two options (class)

Answer 25

H2 or PPI

Question 26

best choice for H2 blocker meds 2

Answer 26

famotidine or nizatidine due to their efficacy and low risk of drug drug interactions

Question 27

diverticular disease is more common in who

Answer 27

older adults

Question 28

diverticulitis s/sx 3

Answer 28

LLQ pain (most often sigmoid) bloating cramping

Question 29

which BP med class can cause constipation

Answer 29

CCB - slows down motility in the gut

Question 30

oxybutynin - effects on GI

Answer 30

is an anticholinergic - can dry up gut mucus which increases constipation

Question 31

Naproxen affect on gut

Answer 31

nsaid - inhibits prostaglandins in the gut which increases risk of constipation

Question 32

what is the screening test for hep C

Answer 32

anti-HCV

Question 33

what is the confirmatory test for hep C

Answer 33

HCV RNA