respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

what is asthma

A

asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition that results in narrowing of the airways in response to various triggers

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2
Q

what factors play. role in asthma

A

genetic and environmental

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3
Q

what happens to the airways during an asthma attack

A

muscles around airways become tightened, walls become swollen, thick mucus narrows them even more

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4
Q

what are outdoor triggers of asthma

A

smoke, cold weather, pollution, pollen

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5
Q

what are indoor triggers of asthma

A

mold, pet dander, dust mites, cockroach droppings

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6
Q

food allergins which could trigger asthma

A

fish, shell fish, eggs, peanuts and soy

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7
Q

other triggers of asthma

A

Respiratory infections, stress, strong emotions, exercise

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8
Q

symptoms of asthma

A

coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, tightness in chest

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9
Q

what is airway hyperresponsiveness

A

increased sensitivity of the airways

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10
Q

how can hypoxemia and hypoxia occur

A

the increased airway resistance can decrease the airflow into and out of the lungs. leading to a V/Q (ventilation/ perfusion) mis match. if not relieved leads to hypoxia

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11
Q

how is asthma and hypercapnia related

A

hypercapnia is too much CO2 in blood. If hyperventilation occurs sometimes it can result in insufficent removal of C02 which can be life threatening

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12
Q

atopic vs non atopic asthma

A

atopic asthma has a trigger which is related to allergen irritant such as pollen or weather conditions. non atopic does not get triggered by allergies

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13
Q

what is cyctic fibrosis

A

Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive condition which results in abnormalities of secretory epithelia throughout the body

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14
Q

how would someone have cyctic fibrosis

A

inherited disorder

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15
Q

what part of the body does cyctic fibrosis effect particularly

A

respiratory and pancreas

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16
Q

how does cyctic fibrosis affect respiratory system

A

Thick, sticky mucous reduces airflow in bronchioles, can plug small airways

17
Q

what are the abnormalities that the specfic gene codes for

A

abnormalities in chloride channel proteins, resulting in decreased chloride secretion. This results in abnormally thick and sticky mucus which can impair functions within the affected areas.

18
Q

Chronic infections and subsequent inflammation within the respiratory system leads to a progressive decline in lung function, what can this be associated with.

A

abscess & cyst formation
brochiectasis
pneumonia
pulmonary hypertension & cor pulmonale

19
Q

what are some treatment options for cyctic fibrosis

A

chest physiotherapy
positive pressure devices
inhaled mucus thinning solutions
antibiotics
nutritional supplementation & enzymes

20
Q

symptoms of cyctic fibrosis

A

Chronic cough, short of breath , repeated chest infections