Respiration part 2

Question 1

Total Lung capacity

Answer 1

maximum amount of air the lungs can hold

Question 2

Residual volume

Answer 2

amount of air left in the lungs after a maximal exhalation

Question 3

what does residual volume allow

Answer 3

continuous gas exchange between alveoli and capillaries

Question 4

vital capacity

Answer 4

the largest amount of air that can be exhaled following a maximal inhalation

Question 5

forced vital capacity

Answer 5

based on amount of air and the speed it comes out

Question 6

tidal volume

Answer 6

amount of air inhaled or exhaled per breath

Question 7

minute ventilation

Answer 7

amount of air breathed in 1 min (L/min or ml/min)

Question 8

Vi

Answer 8

inspired minute ventilation

Question 9

Ve

Answer 9

expired minute ventilation

Question 10

minute ventilaiton =

Answer 10

tidal volume (ml/breath) x frequency (breath/min)

Question 11

typical minute ventilation values at rest

Answer 11

12-15 breaths per minute

400-600 ml per breath

Question 12

alveolar ventilation

Answer 12

amount of air available for gas exchange

Question 13

alveolar ventilation =

Answer 13

[tidal volume ml/breath - physiological dead space in ml/breath] x frequency in breaths/min

Question 14

true or false: alveolar ventilation is less than minute ventilation

Answer 14

true because of residual physiological dead space

Question 15

ambient air pressure

Answer 15

760mmHg

Question 16

partial pressures

Answer 16

O2 = 20.93%
PO2 159mmHg
CO2 0.03%
PCO2 0.2mmHg
N2 = 79.04%
PN2 600mmHg

Question 17

Alveolar partial pressures

Answer 17

O2 14.5% 
PO2 103mmHg
CO2 5.5%
PCO2 39mmHg
N2 80% 
PN2 571mmHg
water vapour 47mmHg

Question 18

arterial blood partial pressures at rest

Answer 18

PO2 100mmHg

PCO2 40mmHg

Question 19

venous blood partial pressures at rest

Answer 19

PO2 40mmHg

PCO2 46mmHg

Question 20

what is the main thing you need for gas exchange

Answer 20

pressure gradient

Question 21

Cooperative binding

Answer 21

binding of O2 to hemoglobin

Question 22

right shift of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve means?

Answer 22

more oxygen being picked up - like in exercise

Question 23

what shape is the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

Answer 23

sigmoidal

Question 24

what partial pressure of oxygen does near complete O2 saturation occur?

Answer 24

60mmHg

Question 25

what PO2l causes dissociation of O2 from hemoglobin in the muscle?

Answer 25

40mmHg

Question 26

how much free CO2 is transported in plasma?

Answer 26

5%

Question 27

how much of total CO2 is transported with bicarbonate

Answer 27

60-80%

Question 28

how much CO2 is bound with hemoglobin?

Answer 28

20%

Question 29

in what ways is CO2 transported in the blood (and %s)

Answer 29

5% plasma
60-80% bicarbonate
20% hemoglobin