Body Composition Flashcards
essential fat
necessary for proper functioning of body
brain, nerve tissue, lungs, bone marrow, viscera, heart tissue
males are 3% of total body mass and females are 12%
Storage fat
depot for excess energy
surrounds organs for protection
subcutaneous fat
just beneath the skin
visceral fat
fat stored deep beneath the skin, usually abdominal
fat free mass
water and protein with small amounts of bone mineral, glycogen:
bone, muscle, connective tissue, essential fats
mainly skeletal tissue
hydrostatic weighing
archimedes principle because fat is less dense than muscle or bone and has a higher buoyancy so you can determine density to determine % fat
skinfolds
measure subcutaneous fat,
error range 5-10%
good for assessing change over time
where are skin fold measurements done
triceps, biceps, sub-scapular, iliac crest, abdominal, thigh, calf
girths
predtict % fat using waist-hip ratio and skin folds to determine health risk based on fat distribution (visceral or subcutaneous
bioelectrical imedence
resistance to electrical current applied to the body ( less resistance = more muscle)
5-7% error range because of fluid
ultrasound
sound waves pass through fat and muscle tissues and reflect off bone returning an echo to produce a greyscale image
used to measure subcutaneous fat layer under the skin
DXA - DEXA - dual energy x-ray absorptiometry
image body tissues and assess bone mineral content, fat free mass and total fat mass
no assumptions
1-2% error
BodPod
air displacement plethysmography to determine volume in chamber with and without subject inside using body weight and volume to calculate density
average female body fat
25-28%
average male body fat
12-15%
