respiration Flashcards
what is cellular respiration?
an exothermic reaction which transfers energy from glucose, and is continuosuly occuring in living cells.
what is the purpose of cellular respiration?
to break down glucose molecules and release the energy trapped inside
what are the uses of energy released in respiration?
building larger molecules e.g. multiple amino acids = proteins;
maintain and regulate body temperature;
muscular contraction (movement)’
chemical reactions
what is metabolism?
all reactions that occur within living organisms in order to maintain life.
when does aerobic respiration occur?
when there is enough oxygen
which respiration is the most efficient way to release energy from glucose?
aerobic respiration
where and how often does aerobic respiration occur?
occurs continuously in mitochondria in all living organisms
what is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen —-> carbon dioxide + water
when does anaerobic respiration occur?
only when absolutely necessary and there isn’t enough oxygen to keep up with aerobic respiration
what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?
glucose —> lactic acid
what are 2 drawbacks of anaerobic respiration?
energy isn’t completely released from glucose molecules (because oxygen is needed to fully release oxygen);
lactic acid is built up and has to be removed
what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast?
glucose —> ethanol + carbon dioxide
what is anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast called?
fermentation
how is yeast used in bread?
because CO2 forms air bubbles making it fluffy
what is the use of ethanol produced from fermentation (anaerobic respiration)?
used in brewing alcoholic drinks like beer and wine
