Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

year 1 > resp random > Flashcards

resp random Flashcards

1
Q

what blood pH is seen in pregnancy

A

compensated respiratory alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis

A

fluids IV

glucose-potassium-insulin infusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what pH does aldosterone hypersecretion cause

A

metabolic alkalosis - Na+/H+ exchange increasing acid secretion into tubules making blood more alkaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does aldosterone do

A

secretion of potassium

retention of Na and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q 
Asthma
COPD
chest injuries
airway tumours 
all cause
A

respiratory acidosis - CO2 retention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

anxiety
fever
brainstem damage
all cause

A

respiratory alkalosis - hyperventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

diarrhoea
extreme exercise
diabetic ketoacidosis
all cause

A

metabolic acidosis
diarrhoea - loss of HCO3
extreme exercise - production of lactic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the asthma triad

A

reversible airflow obstruction
airway inflammation
airway hyperresponsiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is involved in airway remodelling

A

fixed airway obstruction
thickening of basement membrane
collagen deposition in submucosa
hypertrophy of smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q 
PEFR < 50%
unable to finish sentences
tachycardia
RR > 25
HR > 110
A

severe asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q 
PEFR < 30%
bradycardia, hypotension, silent chest
exhaustion, confusion
hypoxia
acidosis
A

life threatening asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the most common cause of occupational asthma

A

isocyanates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what happens to residual volume in emphysema

A

increased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what happens to vital capacity in emphysema

A

decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what defines chronic bronchitis

A

cough productive of sputum on most days of 3 months of at least 2 successive years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is seen microscopically in bronchitis

A

goblet cell metaplasia
macrophage accumulation
fibrosis around bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does A1AT cause

A

panacinar emphysema

18
Q

what qualifies high risk COPD

A

2+ exac in 1 year

or FEV1/FVC < 50%

19
Q

what breath sounds would be seen in COPD

A

reduced

20
Q

what is cryptogenic organising pneumonia (BOOP)

A

non-infective pneumonia
inflammation or bronchioles and surrounding tissue
assoc. amiodarone

21
Q

what are 4 examples of hypersensitivity pneumonitis/extrinsic allergic alveolitis

A

bird fanciers lung
farmers lung
mushroom pickers lung
malt workers lung

22
Q

what is the treatment for hypersensitivity pneumonitis/extrinsic allergic alveolitis

A

antigen avoidance
oxygen if acute
oral steroids

23
Q

what are some s/s hypersensitivity pneumonitis/extrinsic allergic alveolitis

A

course end inspiratory crackles

pulmonary fibrosis in upper zones - CXR

24
Q

give 5 causes of pneumoconiosis

A 
coal worker
asbestosis
silicosis
berylliosis
antracosis
25
Q

what drugs can cause alveolitis

A

amiodarone
methotrexate
bleomycin
gold

26
Q

give 5 examples of autoimmune alveolitis

A 
SLE
polyarteritis
Wegeners
Chung Strauss
Bechets
27
Q

what is ground glass on HRCT

A

alveolitis

28
Q

what is the treatment of alveolitis

A

oral prednisolone
oral azathioprine
oxygen
acetylcysteine

29
Q

what does pneumoconiosis look like on a CXR

A

simple - lots of little dots

complicated - balls of fibrosis

30
Q

what is the most common interstitial lung disease

A

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis)

31
Q

what does fibrosis look like on a CXR

A

honeycombing

32
Q

what are some s/s IPF

A

clubbing
bilateral fine end inspiratory crackles
progressive SOB

33
Q

what is the treatment of IPF

A

antifibrotic agents

  • pirfenidone
  • nintendab
34
Q

what is caplans syndrome

A

combination of rheumatoid arthritis and pneumoconiosis - pulmonary nodules

35
Q

what is acetalisis

A

lungs collapse and don’t inflate properly

36
Q

what are 2 risks of IPPV and CPAP

A

barotrauma

pneumothorax

37
Q

what is stridor

A

inspiratory wheeze due to large airway obstruction

38
Q

what is normal on the epworth sleep scale

A

<10

39
Q

what are some causes of stridor

A

children

  • infection
  • anaphylaxis
  • angioneurotic oedema

adults

  • neoplasm
  • goitre
  • anaphylaxis
  • trauma

croup

40
Q

what is croup

A

viral laryngotracheobronchitis

41
Q

what are some risk factors of sleep apnoea

A 
obesity
hypothyroidism
benzodiazepines
alcohol
opiates
42
Q

what is ARDs

A

resp distress due to stiff lungs and impaired gas exchange

year 1 (45 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions