resp pharm Flashcards
oxygen is considered a drug
T
phenylephrine is considered to be just as effective as pseudoephedrine in regards to being a decongestant
F
nebulizers require positive force to get the aerosolized droplets deep into the respiratory tract
F
you can overdose your patient on oxygen
T
nasal oxygen catheters should sit in the ventral meatus when properly placed
T
___ adrenergic receptors have the greatest impact on the diameter of the bronchioles
Beta 2
stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system will lead to ____, and stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system will cause _____
bronchodilation ; bronchoconstriction
most frequently mucolytics are given via ____
nebulization
smooth muscle contraction and bronchial constriction are caused by the presence of _____
histamine
____ cells are responsible for the release of histamine. they can also release heparin
mast or basophil
___ produce and deliver smaller particles to the lower airway, whereas _____ produce and deliver smaller particles to the upper airway
nebulizers ; metered dose inhalers
____ are thought to work by inhibiting phosphodiesterase so the actions of CAMP can be greater/prolonged
methylxanthine bronchodilators
when administering antimicrobials to a patient with a respiratory tract infection is ideal to deliver the medication
directly to the respiratory tree / luminal surface
glucocorticoids are typically ___ in respiratory conditions. the exception is when the risk of _____ outweighs the temporary immunosuppression
indicated ; inflammation
corticosteroids treat the ___ of respiratory dz not the ____
signs ; cause
_____ is an example of a loop diuretic
furosemide (lasix)
____ is the respiratory stimulant being used less frequently in vet med b/c of the negative effects it has on the ___
doxapram (dopram), nervous system
____ is used to stimulate respirations in narcotic overdoses
naloxone (narcan)
____ is used to stimulate respirations in xylazine overdoses
yohimbine (yobine)
if your patient will be on oxygen therapy for longer than a few hours the O2 should be ____ as to not dry out the respiratory tract and cause irritation
humidified
generic to trade - diphenhydramine
benadryl
generic to trade - furosemide and what class
lasix / diuretic
generic to trade - methylprednisolone and what class
solu medrol / corticosteroid
generic to trade - cetirizine and what class
Zyrtec / antihistamine
generic to trade - butorphanol and what class
torbugesic / antitussive
generic to trade - albuterol and what class
ventolin / bronchodilator
loratadine and what class
claritin / antihistamine
acetylcysteine and what class
mucomyst / mucolytic
dextromethrophan
robitussin DM
hydrocodone
hycodan
glyceryl guaiacolate and what class
guaifenesin / expectorants
what class is pseudoephedrine
decongestant
what class is dexamethasone
corticosteroid
what class is theophylline
bronchodilator
terbutaline is what class
bronchodilator
pine oil is what class
expectorants
what are the three general goals for treating respiratory problems
control secretions, control reflexes, maintain normal airflow
what determines if a cough is productive or not
productive cough produces mucus, non productive is a dry hacking cough
how do antitussives work
block the cough reflex
most of the antitussives we discussed in class belong to which group of drugs
opioids
how is temaril-P different from other antitussives
antitussive and antipyretic
how do mucolytics work
break up mucus
how do expectorants work
increase the fluidity of the mucus
why is vomiting a common side effect with expectorants
irritate the gastric mucosa, which stimulates the PNS to create respiratory secretions
how do volatile oils work
stimulate watery respiratory secretions when vapors are inhaled
what are the 3 volatile oils
pine oil, eucalyptus, terpin hydrate
why do antihistamines work better as a preventative
they do not replace histamine that already bound to a receptor
why is epinephrine not a good candidate for treating feline asthma
could potentially put too much stress on the heart ; but is still an option for tx
why should beta adrenergic agonist bronchodilators only be used at the lowest effective dose or as a rescue inhaler
they can begin to lose their effectiveness due to recurrent stimulation of the receptors
