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2024 - élo - usmle rx qbank > resp onc 6 > Flashcards

resp onc 6 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

MEN 1

A

parathyroid
pituitary
pancreas (insulinoma, Zollinger etc)

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2
Q

MEN 2A

A

medullary thyroid
pheo
parathyroid

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3
Q

mechanism of rifampin

A

inhibits dna dep merase to stop DNA synt

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4
Q

inhibits arabinosyl transferase

A

ethambutol

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5
Q

pyrazinamaide

A

inhibits FA synthase 1

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6
Q

how to treat hemorrhagic cystitis by cyclophosphamide

A

mesna ( binds toxic metabolites)

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7
Q

what is dexrazoxane used for

A

iron chelator … avoid toxicity by doxorubicin

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8
Q

risk factors for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

Asian, male, high salt meat and fish diet …

EBV hhv4

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9
Q

HIV pt … stopped HAART and has rash on face arms and legs

reddish purple raised nodules … what are these

A

kaposi sarcoma HHv8 … AIDs defining illness

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10
Q

Kaposi sarcoma most like other assoc

A

black stools

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11
Q

cyanide mechanism of action

A

binds cytochrome oxidase … stops electron transport chain…. cellular resp halter

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12
Q

antidote for cyanide poisoning and its mechanism

A

hydroxycobalamin … binds cyanide directly
methemoglobinemia… with nitrite
thiosulfate

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13
Q

history of contruction work, dyspnea, pleural thickening

A

mesothelioma
assoc with asbestosis … only pneumoconiosis with upper lobe affected
yellow brown shape bodies with clubbed ends and stain with Prussian blue

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14
Q

heart failure pt wat can be seen in alveoli (histo)

A

hemosiderin laden macrophages

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15
Q

occupation that involves asbestos exposuire

A

shipyard, plumbing and insulation installation

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16
Q

leuprolide mechanism

A

GnRH inhibition ….. low LH FSH levels

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17
Q

GHRH antaginst name

A

somatostatin

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18
Q

deadly cancer men

A

lung prostate and colorectal

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19
Q

deadly cancer women

A

lung breast colon

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20
Q

most common cancer men

A

prostate lung and colon

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21
Q

most common cancer women

A

breast lung colon

22
Q

woman breast cancer metastasis and surgery presents with tachycardia tachypnea and pleuritic chest pain

A

PE …. cancer can increase risk of coagulation

23
Q

mucus plugs form in assoc with which genetic condition

A

CF chromosome 7 phe508 protein misfolding

24
Q

why is sarcoidosis assoc with increase calcium

A

activats 1 alpha hydroxylase within the macrophages that makes active vit D form \
ant uveitis, polyarthritis, lymphadenopathy

25
Q

productive cough, abd pain, diarrhea and hyponatremia

A

charcoal extract yeast agar …. legionella

26
Q

can legionella cause TTP

A

yes …anticodies crossreact with ADAM TS13 an enzyme that degrades vWF …

27
Q

5FU, methotrexate and 6mercaptopurin

A

S phase

28
Q

bleomycin

A

g2 phase

29
Q

Thayer martin

A

N gonorrhea

30
Q

bilateral symmetrical peribronchiovascular alveolar processes in a transplant patient …. what infection??

A

CMV env linear DsDNA

LATENT in mononuclear cells

31
Q

non env linear DsDNA

A

adeno

32
Q

how to terminate pregnancy and treat choriocarcinoma a trophoblastic disease

A

methotrexate … s phase ….

33
Q

what causes an increase in 2BPG

A

compensatory mechanism of high altitude for ex

34
Q

pt with leogeneires disease risk factors

A 
older pts 
smoking 
alcohol
diabetes
cronic illness
35
Q

silicosis vs desquamative interstitial pneumonia

A

History very imp … check for work places silicosis usually work in foundries, sandblasting, glass etc

36
Q

what kind of necrosis can be seen in aspiration pneumonia

A

liquefactive necrosis

37
Q

RB gene function

A

binds to E2F that stops progression from G1 to S

38
Q

stop cell progression from G2 to M

A

CHK1 CHK2 kinases

39
Q

what is the process called when a virus ‘borrows’ functional protein from another to become active for ex
hep D

A

complementation

40
Q

what causes influenza pandemics

A

reassortment genetic shif t

41
Q

which cancer in the lungs is assoc with PTHrp

A

squamous cell … central

42
Q

post operative… diaphragm high and incrase lucency

A

atelectasis

common complication post surgery

43
Q

how does tamoxifen inhibit bone loss

A

inhibits osteoclasts

44
Q

hyperstimulation of ovaries can be seen with whch drug

A

clomiphene

45
Q

African American woman … ACE elevated what is the diagnosis

A

sarcoidosis

46
Q

pt has sarcoidosis … gets her treatment and then presents with certain symptoms due to overdose

A

cushing … due to treatment with steroids

47
Q

mechanism of acetazolamide

A

decrease H+ secretion in proximal tubule

48
Q

strept pneumo vaccine before 65

A

pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine

ppsv23

49
Q

PPSV23 immune resp

A

not comjugated to protein so cannot be presented to T cells on MHC 2

50
Q

enveloped +ve sense ss RNA virus

A

coronavirus common cold

51
Q

non enveloped +ve sense ss RNA virus

A 
picornavirdae
P polio
E echovirus aseptic meningtis
R rhino 
C coxsackie
H HAV
52
Q

what are the most common chemo agents for wilms tumor

A

vincristine ( B tubulin prevent spindle formation)
bleomycin ( induce free radicles and cause DNA breakage)
dactinomycin ( intercalates into DNA prevent RNA synth)

2024 - élo - usmle rx qbank (29 decks)

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