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2024 - élo - usmle rx qbank > multisystem pharma > Flashcards

multisystem pharma Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

zero order kinetics drugs

A

Phenytoin
Ethanol
Aspirin

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2
Q

infusion rate formula

A

steady state conc x clearance

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3
Q

pralidoxime mechanism

A

dephosphorylates acetylcholinesterase and activates it

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4
Q

pyridostigmine

A

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

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5
Q

cyclosporin

A

calcineurin inhibitor… binds cyclophilin…. dec IL 2 transcription

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6
Q

tacrolimus

A

binds FK506…. plrevents il2 transcription

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7
Q

sorilimus

A

mTOR inhibitor

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8
Q

inactivation by acetylation is reistence mechanism fro

A

aminoglycosides

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9
Q

aminoglycosides mechanism

A

bacteriacidal …. inhibit formation of inititation complex

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10
Q

pt presents with ringing in his ears whats the toxicity

A

aspririn …. txt is bicarbonate … alkalize the urine to easily secrete acids

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11
Q

Wilson disease treatment mechanism

A

D penicillamine … chemical antagonis that binds directly to the agonis

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12
Q

cutaneous flushing right after injection of a drug to treat multiresistant staph

A

vanco …. slow infusion shd fix

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13
Q

direct phosphorylation of drug .. reistance mechanism

A

aminoglycosides

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14
Q

modification of ribosomal binding site mechanism of resis

A

tetra, chloremphincol, macrolide

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15
Q

indinavir

A

protease inhibitor.. SE include thrombocytopenia (not anemia).. git intolerance, lipodystrophy and hyperg

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16
Q

ziduvudine

A

nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor… bone marrow suppression

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17
Q

cimetidine impotannt side effect

A

blocks CP450 …. antiandrogenic effects gynecomastia etc

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18
Q

common causes of gynecomastia

A

spironolactone, digoxin, cimetidine, alcohol, estrogen,heroin, dopamine anatg, ketoconazole

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19
Q

pain itching dysuria and discharge plus ulcers seen on genitals … diag txt and side effects

A

genital herpes,,,, acyclovir…. neurotixicity and renal toxicity

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20
Q

tobramycin belongs to wat class

A

aminoglyhcoside

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21
Q

neuraminidase inhibitors

A

oseltamivir zanamivir… inhibt release of virus cells

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22
Q

neurogenic bladder txt

A

bethanacol

23
Q

atypical pneumonia treatment

A

macrolides … erythromycin

24
Q

how to fix mineral imbalance in a pt with adrenal insufficiency

A

fludrocortisone (mineralocorticoid)

25
Q

antifungal that disrupts microtubule function

A

griseofulvin

26
Q

inhibits arabinosyl transferase… disrupts mechanism of carbohydrate polymerization of cell wall

A

polymyxins

27
Q

pt under treatment for seizures…. macrocytic anemia what is the drug and deficiency

A

phenytoin… def of folic acid

28
Q

side effct of polymyxin D

A

neurotixicity … ( dizziness drowsiness confusion peripheral numbness

29
Q

how to treat SVT

A

adenosine IV

30
Q

symptoms assoc with adenosine administration

A

flushing hyhpotension chest paim

31
Q

lidocaine is indicated for what type of arrhythmia and why

A

ventricular … because it has a greater affect on inacativated sodium channels

32
Q

how can we blunt adenosine effects

A

theophylline and caffeine

33
Q

procarbazine

A

anti neoplastic agent … has MAO inhibitor activity … watch for hypertensive crises

34
Q

oseltamivir drug of choice for ? and the timeline

A

influenza …. within 48 hours

35
Q

amantadine

A

Parkinson and flu ….. side effect ataxia jitteriness and indomnia

36
Q

indinavir side ffects

A

thrombocytopenia…. kidney stones

37
Q

which HIV drug causes hypercholestrolemia

A

raltegravir

38
Q

imipenem must be administed with what for better efficacy

A

cilastatin .. inibit the enzyme in PCT

39
Q

chloroquine is ued to txt is the danferous side effect

A

malaria …. torsade point

40
Q

HIV pt .. low CD cpount … on compliant .. symptoms of numbness and tingling in leg cant urinate and cant walk properly … what is the infection and the txt

A

inf with CMV… radiculopathy an aids defining condition …. SE include leukopenia. thrombocytopenia hemolytic anemia and renal toxicity

41
Q

seven transmember domain receptors are normally G coupled

A

Gq which activeate phospholipase C

42
Q

common infections of AID patient with CD 4+ count < 100

A

aspergillus, candida and CMV

43
Q

pts with hypertensive emergency should be given what drug

A

sodium nitroprusside

44
Q

a pyrophosphate that inhibits DNA RNA polymerase

A

foscarnet

45
Q

paclitaxel mechanism

A

hyperstabilize the microtubules

46
Q

vincristine

A

polymerize microtubules… neuropathy

47
Q

vincristine

A

polymerize microtubules… neuropathy

48
Q

SLE induced by what drugs

A

sulfa, hydralazine, isoniazid, procainamide, phenytoin, etanercept

49
Q

txt of atypical pneumonia

A

macrolides

50
Q

antiviral therapy that acts on RNA viruses and plays a role in natural killer

A

interferom alpha /… SE neutropenia

51
Q

an ointment .. bactericidal … rarely used systemically due to nephrotoxicity

A

bacitracin … inhibits cell wall synthesis

52
Q

pt has otitis externa what could be the bacterial agents

A

pseudomonas and staph aureis
first line txt with fluoroquinolone or polymyxin B
I chose piperacillin but that doesn’t cover staph aureus

53
Q

clomiphene mechanism of action

A

estrogen antagonis at the level of hypothalamus … reduces negative feeeeedback to hypothalamus … increase GNRH … increase LH .. increase testosterone

2024 - élo - usmle rx qbank (29 decks)

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