Resp - Bronchiectasis, Asthma, COPD, ILD Flashcards
Bronchiectasis
Pathogenesis
Bronchiectasis
Infective causes
Bronchiectasis
Airway obstructive causes
Bronchiectasis
Impaired drainage, poor immunity, misc. causes
Bronchiectasis
D/dx
Bronchiectasis
Clinical presentation
Bronchiectasis
Biochemical Ix
Bronchiectasis
Radiological Ix
Bronchiectasis
Specific tests
+ Sweat chloride level (OR) Mutation analysis of CFTR gene
+ Immunoglobulin measurement
+ Serum α1-antitrypsin levels
Bronchiectasis
Baseline treatment
+ Chest physiotherapy
Definitive end-stage: Lung transplant
Asthma
Definition
Asthma
Assessment of severity of exacerbation
Asthma
Asthma-associated syndromes
Asthma
Classification
Common triggers
Asthma
Epidemiology
Asthma
Risk factors
Asthma
Triggers
D/dx obstructive lung diseases and restrictive lung diseases
Asthma
D/dx
Asthma
Lung function changes
Asthma
Pathophysiology
Asthma
Clinical presentation
Asthma
History taking questions
Asthma
Symptom control assessment
Asthmatic control (Goal of treatment = COMPLETE control)
- ≤ 2 Daytime asthma symptoms per week
- ≤ 2 Use of reliever medication per week
- NO night awakening due to asthma
- NO activity limitation due to asthma (sick leave required)
- Normal PEF or FEV1.0 value
Asthma severity assessment
Indicators of life-threatening asthma attack
Recognition of life-threatening features
* Hypotension/ Confusion/ Coma/ Exhaustion/ SaO2 < 92%/ PEF < 33 – 50% best or predicted
* Cyanosis/ Poor respiratory effort/ Silent chest
Asthma
Signs of respiratory distress
Asthma
Challenge tests for atopy
Asthma
Biochemical and radiological Ix
Asthma
Treatment principle
Asthma
Steps of treatment
LABA useage precautions
B2- agonist
MoA
S/E
Examples
Anticholinergics for asthma
MoA
S/E
Methylxanthines
MoA
S/E
Examples
LTRAs
MoA
S/E
Examples
ICS
Examples
MoA
S/E
Mast cell stabilizers
MoA
S/E
Examples
Anti-IgE Ab
MoA
S/E
Example
Asthma
Types of inhalers
Asthma
Types of MDI
Asthma
Types of delivery methods
Asthma
Management of asthmatic attack
Asthma
Prevention
Asthma
complications
COPD
Definition
COPD
Acute exacerbation causes
Features
COPD
Risk factors
COPD
Pathophysiology
COPD
Clinical presentation
COPD
D/dx
COPD
Diagnosis
COPD
P/E
COPD
Biochemical Ix
COPD
Radiological Ix
COPD
Lung function test changes
COPD
Severity assessment
COPD
Lung volume changes
DLCO changes
PEF changes
COPD
Chronic stable management
COPD
Management of exacerbation
COPD
Complications
ILD
Upper lobe vs lower lobe ILD causes
ILD
Causes
Sarcoidosis
S/S
Diagnosis
Treatment
ILD
Collagen vascular disease causes
ILD
Organic and inorganic dust causes
Drug causes
ILD
Idiopathic categories
ILD
Ddx
ILD
Pathophysiology
ILD
Clinical presentation
ILD
History taking questions
ILD
P/E
ILD
Biochemical Ix
ILD
radiological Ix
ILD
Treatment
IPF
Causes of UIP
Histological and radiological features of UIP
IPF
Causes of NSIP
Histological and radiological features of NSIP
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)
Clinical features
Ix
Mx
Pneumoconiosis
Examples
Pathogenesis
Silicosis
Clinical presentation
Disease progression
Silicosis
Ix
Mx
Prognosis
Asbestosis
Radiological features
Asbestosis
Dx
Mx
Prognosis
Malignant mesothelioma
Risk factor
Presentation
Diagnosis
Mx
Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis (EAA) or Hypersensitive
Pneumonitis
Causes
Presentation
Ix
Dx
Mx
Respiratory manifestations of rheumatic diseases