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Domain 1 > Research & Stats > Flashcards

Research & Stats Flashcards

1
Q

decide if study is ethical

A

Institutional Review Board (IRB)

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2
Q

prediction of relation

A

hypothesis

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3
Q

can take on different values

A

variable

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4
Q

outcome of interest, measured to see if it changes in a study i.e. the plant

A

dependent variable

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5
Q

variable manipulated in the study i.e. the water

A

independent variable

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6
Q

named attribute, order doesn’t matter, ex: martial status, blood type

A

nominal variable

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7
Q

named attribute, order does matter
ex: stages of cancer

A

ordinal variable

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8
Q

can take on any value in a range
ex: temp, weight, speed

A

continuous variable (vs. discrete)

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9
Q

only 2 possible outcomes
ex: disease or no disease

A

dichotomous variable

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10
Q

hypothesis, methods used

A

methods

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11
Q

Am I Literally Making Rice Despite Carb Intolerance?

A

Research Report Components

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12
Q

-can draw associations, but not casual relationships
-no hypothesis tested

A

descriptive research

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13
Q

-descriptive research types
-Quit Sharing Credit Cards

A

-Qualitative, surveys, correlation, case report

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14
Q

-tests hypothesis
-can draw causal relationships

A

analytical research

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15
Q

formative evaluation

A

pilot study

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16
Q

data as words (narrative vs. numbers)
ex: focus group

A

qualitative research

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17
Q

-single subject or group w same condition

A

-case report/study
-series (many together)

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18
Q

-study examines if 2 variables are related
-no manipulation of variables
-ex: relationship between stress and illness?

A

correlation study

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19
Q

X-Axis (horizon)

A

Independent variable

20
Q

Y axis (vert)

A

dependent variable

21
Q

-variables increase/decrease together
-move in same direction
-ex: shoe size increases with foot length

A

positive correlation

22
Q

correlation strengths

A

-0.4-0.7 moderate
-below weak, above strong

23
Q

-random group assignments
-no selection bias
-ex: double blind study

A

experimental study

24
Q

-gold standard for causal relationships
-uses random assignment and control group receiving placebo

A

RCTs

25
Q

participants stay in same group

A

parallel RCT

26
Q

-2 period
-washout phase to reduce carryover effect
-participants switch groups, receive opposite txt
-participants act as their own control

A

cross over RCT

27
Q

-Queezy there’s no random assign or control group
-ex: time series

A

Quasi-experimental

28
Q

-risk factor exposure
-retrospective (recalling past behaviours i.e. smoking)
-ex: disease (cases), no disease (control)

A

case control study

29
Q

-groups of individuals who share commonality (behaviour or disease)
-healthy participants exposed to a risk factor
-followed over a period of time or look back
-other name “incidence

A

cohort study

30
Q

studies current disease prevalence

A

cross-sectional

31
Q

PRISMA, CONSORT, QUOROM, MOOSE

A

Types of meta analysis

32
Q

-can you apply the study results to general population?

A

external validity

33
Q

-REpeatability of results

A

Reliability

34
Q

-how likely a test is to correctly identify ppl WITH a disease
-ex: initial screening

A

sensitivity

35
Q

-how likely a test is to correctly identify ppl WITHOUT a disease
-specific diagnosis testing

A

specificity

36
Q

-participants selected by convenience or judgment;not random

A

non-probability sampling

37
Q

-summarize, describe & synth collected data
-ex: mean, mode, range

A

descriptive stats

38
Q

-analysis of data, prediction beyond study
-ex: hypothesis test

A

inferential stats

39
Q

most frequently occurring value in data set

A

mode

40
Q

how spread out are the data values relative to average

A

standard deviation

41
Q

mean of 2 groups

A

T-test

42
Q

mean of 3 groups

A

ANOVA

43
Q

outcome of study isn’t luck, real finding

A

statistical significance

44
Q

P<0.5

A

significant

45
Q

P<0.1

A

very significant

46
Q

P>0.5

A

not significant

47
Q

smaller the P value

A

higher statistical significance

Domain 1 (11 decks)

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