Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

biological psychology > research methods (brain imaging) > Flashcards

research methods (brain imaging) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

what are the 5 kinds of brain imaging?

A

MRI
MEG
fNIRS
EEG
PET

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how many kinds of MRI are there?

A
  1. sMRI
  2. fMRI
  3. dMRI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does the number in a voxel represent?

the bigger the number, the ___________ the voxel

A

voxel intensity; brighter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

which of the 3 MRIs is also known as T1-weighted imaging?

A

sMRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

sMRI is primarily used to study ____ whereas dMRI is used to study _____-related microstructure.

A

GM; WM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the 2 measurements in dMRI?

A
  1. FA (fractional anisotropy)
  2. MD (mean diffusivity)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what do FA and MD images show? where are they from?

A

from raw dMRI images.

  • FA shows direction of water movements in WM
  • MD shows overall amount of water diffusion/movement in WM
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

high/low levels of FA indicates compromised microstuctural integrity. why?

A

low.

water movement in WM is highly directional, so should be high FA. Low FA in WM indicates compromised microstural integrity.

*FA highest in WM, low in GM, lowest in ventricles/CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

high/low levels of MD indicates compromised microstuctural integrity. why?

A

high.

MD is non-directional. Lowest in WM, high in GM, highest in ventricles/CSF.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does fMRI measure?

A

brain activity from GM regions

  • measures blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) activity
  • changes in deoxyhemoglobin driven by localised changes in brain blood flow and blood oxygenation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

during fMRI scan, multiple brain volumes are acquired across short intervals (from ___ to ____).

duration of these intervals: _______________

A

0.7s-3s; temporal resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

fMRI analyses always involve a constrast between 2 conditions only. cannot be more or less.

true or false?

A

false. at least 2.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the 2 basic conditions of an fMRI study are?

what is the point of the control?

A
  1. control task - act as baseline activation level, to compare to activity in the task of interest, as everyone has different baseline activation levels.
  2. task of interest
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does EEG stand for?

A

electroencephalogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does EEG (electroencephalogram) measure?

A

electrical activity in the brain during a very brief event

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what does high temporal resolution mean?

which imaging method has higher temporal resolution, fMRI or EEG?

A

data can be collected across very short intervals

EEG

17
Q

what is subliminal priming?

A

Subliminal priming refers to the process by which a stimulus is presented below the threshold of conscious awareness, yet still influences a person’s thoughts, feelings, or behaviors.

The idea is that the brain can process this information without the individual being consciously aware of it.

18
Q

what is a disadvantage of EEG?

A

poor spatial resolution - difficult to point out exactly where activity is coming from

19
Q

what is ERP?

A

Event-Related EEG Potential - a measure used to examine brain activity in response to specific events or stimuli.

20
Q

what does MEG stand for?

A

magnetoencephalogram

21
Q

which other brain imaging method is MEG similar to? compare them.

A

EEG (electroencephalogram)

  • EEG detects electrical acticity of multiple active neurons while MEG detects magnetic field of multiple active neurons
  • electrical and magnetic fields are perpendicular to each other. the corticol folds in the brain meant that activity in different parts of the fold is sensitive to different methods
  • both have high temporal reso and low spatial reso
  • EEG has lower spatial reso (10mm) than MEG (3mm)
  • EEG detects activity on cortical surface while MEG can detect activity from subcortical regions
22
Q

what is SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device)?

A

superconducting sensor in MEG scanners to detect the very weak magnetic field activity in brain

23
Q

what is fNIRS?

how does it differ from fMRI?

A

functional near-infrared spectroscopy
- detect changes in blood ocygenation levels using infrared signals
- needs detector and emitter (emitter emits infrared signals and detector detects reflected signals)
- amt of signal absorbed/reflected by brain tissue caries with blood oxygenation level
- high temporal reso, low spatial reso

differs from fMRI:
- fMRI detects changes in blood oxygenation level via BOLD signals
- fMRI have higher spatial reso than fNIRS
- both have similar temporal reso

24
Q

how many kinds of brain stimulation are there?

A

TDCS (transcranial direct current stimulation)
TMS (transcranial magnetic stimulation)
Deep brain stimulation

biological psychology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions