Research Methods and 2 Classic Experiments Flashcards
What are the “Big Three” experiments
- Correlational
- Experimental
- Neuroscience
Correlational
understand relationship between 2 variables
Pros of Correlational
real world, rich, stable and cheap
Cons of Correlational
Cause and effect (correlational not casual) , too much information
Surveys for Correlational Research
- Unrepresentative sample
- Order of questions
- Wording of questions
- Response options (how strongly they agree/disagree)
Experimental
searching for cause and effect
Pros of Experimental
- Cause and effect
- control
- precise
Cons of Experimental
- Not real world
- takes a lot of time
Pro of Neuroscience
- Cause and effect
- control
- precise
Con of Neuroscience
- Cause and effect
- “newness” (leaves room for error)
- time
- cost
Suppression and Rebound
- Show pictures
- then you need to suppress the pictures
- dont think about the picture
- Then you are allowed to freely think
- Show facilitation (Rebound) for Picture - related information
- Hyper-accessibility effects
hyper accessibility effects
if you think about something a lot, it’s harder to suppress thoughts than to thing you don’t care about
Implicit Social Cognition
our thoughts and beliefs
What does implicit social cognition focus on?
- our hidden biases
- beliefs/biases of which we may be unaware and be unwilling to share
The Clark and Clark Study in 1952 - Who was a part of it
253 black children ages 3-7
- 134 from the South (all black school)
- 119 from the North (mixed schools)
The Clark and Clark Study - What did they do to the kids?
- Shown 4 dolls: 2 black and 2 white dolls in alternating order
- Asked 8 Questions about the dolls based on: Preference, Knowledge of racial differences, and Self-Identification
The clark and Clark Study - Results
- Kids in the North: wanted to be more like the white doll
- “Give me a doll like you”: 39% in North, 29% in South
- More negative towards the black dolls, preferred the white dolls
Darley and Latane Study in 1968 - What happened
- Women yells “help I’ve been stabbed” and nobody did anything about it
- People turned on their lights, but they just assumed someone did something
- Someone called 911 35 minutes later
Darley and Latane Study in 1968 - How did they replicate
- Reinvented situations like this
- Randomly assigned 72 undergraduates to different groups
- How long would it take people to respond?
- Larger the group, longer the time to respond
