Ch. 5: Culture and Gender Roles

Question 1

Are social roles fixed or can they change?

Answer 1

they can change

Question 2

What powerful effects do social roles have?

Answer 2

knowing how to behave

Question 3

Sex

Answer 3

biological differences

Question 4

Gender

Answer 4

social differences of our sex; categorizations

Question 5

gender roles

Answer 5

set of behavior expectations for each gender

Question 6

Societies with more gender equality are

Answer 6

less likely to engage in war and are less violent

Question 7

Gender differences

Answer 7

• Traits
• Abilities
• Dominance Orientation
• Aggression

Question 8

Traits for women

Answer 8

relational, warm, nurturing, emotional

Question 9

Traits for men

Answer 9

independent, cold, uncaring and competitive

Question 10

Women Are Wonderful Effect

Answer 10

associates positive qualities with females

Question 11

Abilities for women

Answer 11

verbal and emotional

Question 12

Abilities for men

Answer 12

Math and Science

Question 13

Dominance Orientation for women

Answer 13

followers, don’t interrupt, polite and passive

Question 14

Dominance Orientation for men

Answer 14

hunters, more likely to commit murder/ crimes

Question 15

face-ism

Answer 15

only showing mens faces means you see men for their intellect

Question 16

institutional support

Answer 16

ads, TV shows, children’s books

Question 17

Evolutionary psychology

Answer 17

study of evolution of cognition and behavior using principles of natural selection

Question 18

What does evolutionary psychology highlight

Answer 18

characteristics that have evolved and/or survived

Question 19

What does evolutionary psychology predicts there are no

Answer 19

sex differences in domains where sexes face similar adaptive challenges

Question 20

What does evolutionary psychology predicts there are

Answer 20

sex differences in behaviors relevant to mating and reproduction

Question 21

What aid Baumeister said

Answer 21

we are the cultural animal

Question 22

Most important similarity between cultures

Answer 22

capacity to learn and adapt

Question 23

epigenetics

Answer 23

explores expression of genes across different environments

Question 24

Example of epigenetics

Answer 24

having genes for depression but not developing it unless exposed to trauma/stressors to trigger the depression gene

Question 25

Universal friendship norms

Answer 25

respect friends’ privacy, make eye contact while talking, do not divulge things said in confidence

Question 26

Universal social belief dimensions

Answer 26

• 1. Cynicism
• 2. Social complexity
• 3. Reward for application
• 4. Spirituality
• 5. Fate control

Question 27

Universal status norms

Answer 27

most languages have 2 forms of “you”

Question 28

Nurture assumption

Answer 28

parental nurture is a way parents bring their kids up which governs who their kids become

Question 29

Does parenting matter

Answer 29

yes

Question 30

Genetic influence

Answer 30

50% of individual variations

Question 31

Environmental influence

Answer 31

0 - 10%

Question 32

What are biological heritage intitates

Answer 32

culture may accentuate

Question 33

do nature and nurture work together

Answer 33

yes

Question 34

Three interactions that influence individuals

Answer 34

1. A given situation often affects different people differently
2. People often choose their situations
3. People often create their situations