Exam 3 Flashcards
What is the best definition of conflict
a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals and ideas
In many magazines ads women’s bodies are shown more often than men’s bodies, thus reflecting and perpetuating gender bias. These phenomena are often characterized as…?
objectification and face-ism
When we are asked misleading questions that provide false information, we often incorporate this false information into our memories and the recount it at a later time as if it were true. What is the effect called?
misinformation effect
What are some of the ways to minimize misidentification in a lineup?
- Prove a “foil” or “blank” lineup to screen out those witnesses who make a false identification
- Use a sequence rather than a serial approach to suspect identification, and
- Use “naive” police officer
According to the book, much of culture’s influence is transmitted to children by whom?
their peers (next: family)
Compared with men, the average woman is more sensitive to smells and sounds and more vulnerable to anxiety disorders and depression. These are examples of
sex differences
Compared with men, the average woman is more sensitive to smells and sounds, and more vulnerable to anxiety disorders and depression. These are examples of
sex differences
All cultures have their accepted ideas about appropriate behavior like “not making jokes at a funeral”. These are examples of?
social norms
If your responses on Bem’s sex role inventory were equally high for male and female attributes or traits, then you would be classified as …?
Androgynous
What are some of the factors that create conflict
- Misperceptions
- Social dilemmas
- Competition
When a judge informs the jury to disregard or ignore inadmissible evidence, it often has the opposite effect. Why might this be the case?
it creates a reactance motive
Cooperative learning environments (jigsaw classes) have been shown to improve performance and promote positive attitudes among the group members. Why are cooperative learning environments effective?
none of the above
John is a baby-face 28 year old man. He has been arrested for suspicion of counterfeiting and forgery. Based on ONLY this information, how likely is that John will be found guilty?
Unlikely
because he has a baby-face and is suspected of an intentional crime
What is the difference between sex and gender?
- gender is a social construction
- sex is biological
Why is eyewitness testimony, whether it is accurate or inaccurate, so persuasive?
eyewitness testimony is often vivid and emotional
What is one of the sources of gender stereotype formation?
the idea that by virtue of one gender playing particular roles in society, the traits associated with those roles become linked to that gender
Simply asking potential jurors “to raise their hands if they have read anything about the case that would prejudice them” has been shown to be ineffective when choosing jurors. Why might this be true?
we do not have insight into our preconceptions, thus we falsely assume that we are free from bias about the case
What is the main process underlying the Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension reduction (GRIT)?
the repeated initiation of small concessions by each group until tension is reduced
Best definition for evolutionary psychology?
the study of behavior using principles of natural selection
Social psychologists have identified a number of strategies for reducing conflict and achieving peace. What are the four primary strategies that are discussed in the book?
- Contact
- Cooperation
- Communication
- Conciliation
What are the four ways that gender differences and similarities are explained?
- Independence vs. connectedness
- Social dominance
- aggression
- sexuality
What are two factors that shape gender roles?
biology and culture
What are 3 ways that a social dilemma (tragedy of the commons) can be resolved?
- Introduce regulation
- Decrease group size
- Reward socially responsible behavior
When two groups are in conflict what is one of the ways that this conflict can be reduced
when the two groups successfully accomplish a superordinate goal
